Learning Outcomes ALL – Show your understanding of the 2 different types of muscular contraction SOME – Apply your knowledge of muscles & movement into a table without using the book

Can you remember the 3 muscle types? They work constantly They make up the majority of muscles in the body They are under our conscious control They are found in the walls of the heart These are muscles you cannot control Are found in the walls of the intestines & blood vessels They are also known as skeletal

Answers Cardiac Skeletal/voluntary Voluntary Cardiac & Involuntary

Separate categories relating to specific movements FLEXORS EXTENSORS muscles that bend work against the the limb at a joint flexors & straighten by contracting a limb by contracting ADDUCTORS ABDUCTORS the muscles that move move a limb away a limb towards the body from the body Muscular system allows movement to happen as well as protection, body shape, stabilise joints. On feet – after 3 show me the specific movements using arms

Isotonic contractions occur when movement is created. When muscles contract they do so in two ways: Isotonic contractions occur when movement is created. Concentric – This is when the muscle shortens Eccentric – When the muscle gradually lengthens and returns to normal length and shape Example – Concentric – bicep curl – bicep con Eccentric – tricep - Fast-paced games require isotonic contractions.

Isometric contractions Isometric contractions do not create movement – they are working to keep the joint stable. The muscle neither shortens nor lengthens. This type of contraction occurs in several situations: To support a weight in a stationary position. To hold the body in a particular position (e.g., in gymnastics). Tug of war, hand stand © EMPICS Ltd Isometric contractions occur in a rugby scrum

Muscle Pair/Group Movement they allow Sporting Example   Biceps & Triceps Kicking a football Abdominals & Latissimus dorsi Adduction & Abduction of the arms  Flexing & extending the foot at the ankle joint Take off phase of any type of jump MUSCLES WORK IN PAIRS OR GROUPS – THEY PULL AND NEVER PUSH Most movements involve a variety of movements that are linked together. A pole-vaulter for example, would be involved in a very complex number of movements involving all of the major muscle groups.

MUSCLES WORK IN PAIRS OR GROUPS – THEY PULL BUT NEVER PUSH Using this fact try & fill in the table relating to muscles & their movement – without the book first

Muscle Pair/Group Movement they allow Sporting Example   Biceps & Triceps Flexion & extension at the elbow  Throwing Movement such as javelin or a ball or a smash in volleyball     Hamstrings & Quadriceps Flexion & extension at the knee Kicking a football and running movements Abdominals & Latissimus Dorsi Movement around stomach & waist (bending/twisting) they also help keep body upright & straight Used in specific exercises such as sit-ups. Also to keep body straight in movement   Pectorals & Deltoids Adduction & Abduction of the arms  Shot Putt, Swimming strokes, Tennis drive  Gastrocnemius / muscle in front of the leg (don’t need to know name)  Flexing & extending the foot at the ankle joint Take off phase of any type of jump

Homework Revise the muscle pairs/groups and find 2 pictures of sporting examples that show the movement involved & describe the movement taking place using KEY TERMS Email these pictures to Mrs Gregory before next lesson 