Welcome to Physics Course Introduction

Introductions and Paperwork Teacher introduction Student Information Cards Website: pages.cms.k12.nc.us/janetraybon Introduction activity

What You will Need….. 1.Notebook for notes, handouts, etc. This can be a section of your binder or a separate composition notebook. 2.Composition or spiral notebook for labs. 3.Pencils 4.Blue or black pens 5.Graphing calculator (this course is practically all math and you will find it less stressful if you have a calculator. It should be brought to class every day.) 6.Extra batteries for your calculator. 7.Colored pencils 8.Box of tissues 9.Bottle of hand sanitizer 10.Most important: Good attitude and work ethic

Classroom Expectations….. Ask questions if you are unsure or do not Understand. Know the directions and Rules and follow them. Don’t deviate. Respect others even if they Are not like you. No food or drink Aim high. Come prepared. Leave with knowledge. Be on time To class. Avoid these guys. Good behavior = no referrals

Lab Safety: For your protection and mine 1.Read and follow all directions as given by the teacher. 2.Use appropriate safety equipment: goggles, apron, fume hood, etc. 3.Wear appropriate shoes and clothing. 4.No playing around. 5.Follow rules for electrical safety: Inspect cords and equipment for damage prior to using. 6.Keep workspace neat and free of clutter. 7. Clean up after you finish.

What is Physics? Branch of science that involves the study of the physical world (physical science) – Energy – Matter – Relationships between energy and matter Includes: – Forces, motion, electrical circuits, gravity, rotational motion, momentum, simple machines, work and energy, thermal energy, waves, sound, light, magnetism, quantum theory, atoms, nuclear physics

Math in Physics Math skills are essential to physics. Equations are an essential part and serve as ways to model observations and make predictions. Numerical data is often used to support conclusions. Math Handbook: in your text at the back

Significant Figures (digits) Valid digits in a measurement All of the digits in the measurement that you can read plus 1 estimated or guessed digit Readings depend on the measuring device Basic rules: – All non-zero digits are significant – Zeroes between non-zero digits are significant – Leading zeros are not significant even with a decimal present – Trailing zeros are ONLY significant if a DECIMAL is present in the measurement

Units, Units, Units… System International d’Unites (SI) or the adapted version known as the metric system is used in science. 7 base units (from direct measurement) Additional units are derived from the seven base units (combinations of base units) Example: mass and volume can be measured directly using a balance and graduated cylinder. Density however is a derived unit obtained from the relationship between mass and volume D=m/v

Rounding

SI Base Units Base QuantityUnit of measureabbreviation TimeSecondsec MassKilogramkg LengthMeterm TemperatureKelvinK Amount of substanceMolemol Electric currentAmpereA Luminous intensityCandelacd (chart courtesy of Glencoe Physics: Principles and Problems, Zitzewitz, et. al. 2005, McGraw-Hill, New York)

Prefixes Used with SI units.. (chart courtesy of Glencoe Physics: Principles and Problems, Zitzewitz, et. al. 2005, McGraw-Hill, New York) PrefixSymbolMultiplierScientific Notation example femto-f femtosecond pico-p picometer nano-n nanometer micro-μ microgram milli-m milliamps centi-c centimeter deci-d deciliter kilo-k kilometer mega-M megagram giga-G gigameter tera-T terahertz

Conversions and Conversion Factors Using dimensional analysis allows you to treat units as algebraic quantities which can be cancelled. Steps: – Write out given quantity. – Decide what units the final answer needs. – Choose a conversion factor that allows you to cancel the units given using multiplication and/or division and leave units desired for final answer.

Example: How many megahertz is 750 kilohertz? Given: 750 kilohertz Units for final answer: megahertz 1 megahertz = 1000kilohertz Set up: 750 kilohertz x 1 megahertz=? 1000 kilohertz

Try it….. 1.Convert 5021 centimeters to kilometers? 2.How many seconds are in a leap year? 3.Convert the speed 5.30 m/s to km/hr.

Scientific Notation Used to express large numbers Makes working with large numbers easier To convert a number to scientific notation – Move decimal so that there is one non-zero digit to the left of the decimal – Ex then add x10 and the exponent that represents how many spaces that the decimal was moved – x 10 6

To convert a number from scientific notation to regular notation Move the decimal left (for a negative exponent) and right (for a positive exponent) the number of spaces as indicated by the exponent Example: 2.36 x would be x 10 2 would be 225

Collecting Data, Making Measurements Accuracy Precision Technique Variables

Creating Graphs for Representing data Linear Non-linear Inverse relationships