Chapter 6, Section 3

1. Who negotiated a treaty with England in 1794? A. Thomas Pinckney B. Ben Franklin C. John Jay D. John Adams 2. Who negotiated a treaty with Spain in 1795? A. Thomas Pinckney B. Ben Franklin C. John Jay D. John Adams 3. Who won the election of 1800? A. John Adams B. James Madison C. Alexander Hamilton D. Thomas Jefferson 4. Louisiana was purchased from which country? A. Britain B. France C. Spain D. Holland 5. What insult almost resulted in war between France and the US? A. Sectionalism B. Alien and Sedition Acts C. XYZ AffairD. Nullification

To identify some of the significant changes brought about during the early years of Jefferson’s presidency To provide examples of the Federalists’ declining power To summarize the importance of the Louisiana Purchase and the Lewis and Clark expedition

Thomas Jefferson Virginia Dem.-Rep % Aaron Burr New York Dem.-Rep % John Adams Massachusetts Federalist %

HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Federalists provide period of conservatism that allows for consolidation of revolutionary gains. However, Federalists are unable to adapt aristocratic ideals into appeal to the “common” majority of voters.

Frugality, Simplicity, Equality – avoid monarchical appearances Reduced the size of govt. and pursued “free trade” Increases Southern influence on govt., esp. Virginia’s

Judiciary Act of 1801 = Adams tries to pack the court with Federalist judges Midnight judges = the Federalist appointees, including John Marshall as Chief Justice KEY FACT: Appointments were signed but not delivered. DEBATE: Are the appointments of Adams now binding on Jefferson?

HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Establishes the principal of JUDICIAL REVIEW = the ability of the Court to declare an act of Congress or the President unconstitutional.

Was the incident of the “midnight justices”and Marbury vs. Madison a Failure or Success? WHY? For Jefferson? WHY? For the Federalists?WHY? For the Supreme Court? WHY?

Hamilton attacks Adams, splitting Federalist Party Adams/Federalists lose election of 1804 Hamilton seeks to prevent Burr from becoming Gov. of New York in /11/1804 Hamilton fights Aaron Burr in a duel, and is killed. Burr kills Federalist leadership, and his own career Federalists fade

: Population in the Ohio Valley grows. Daniel Boone clears the Wilderness Road. 1800: Spain cedes trans-Mississippi/LA to France 1802: US loses right to deposit in New Orleans 1803: Jefferson sends envoys to Napoleon 4/30/1803: Frances sells LA for $15 million Why did Napoleon sell? What was the constitutional issue at hand for Jefferson? Who got more than they bargained for?

New Orleans Under My Wings The French and Spanish developed this port city during the eighteenth century. By century's end many in the United States saw New Orleans as a key to the new nation's future expansion and prosperity. (Chicago Historical Society) Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Avoided war with France and Spain Vast tracts open for farming for growing population Western expansion favors Jefferson & Republicans, gains loyalty of Western US Establishes power of the President to make treaties

Seeking a Northwest Passage and boundaries of new LA territory : 2 and ½ year journey, 50 men in Corps of Discovery Received help from many Native Americans during their journey, esp. Sacajawea, a Shoshone woman who served as interpreter and guide First Americans to cross Demonstrated the viability of an overland passage to Pacific Opened the West to settlement