IntelliDriveSM Update AASHTO SCOHTS Annual Meeting May 1, 2009

IntelliDrive is Connectivity DOT’s IntelliDrive research program is focused on developing the information and communications systems technology backbone for a dramatically safer and more efficient future surface transportation system.

IntelliDrive Active Safety Applications Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I)

IntelliDrive Active Safety Applications Issue Driver Alerts and Warnings IntelliDrive safety applications are designed to increase drivers’ situational awareness and prevent crashes through Alerts and Warnings. Warnings Vs Alerts The main difference for drivers is the time horizon. Alerts have a longer time horizon, and improve safety by increasing situational awareness. Warnings inform the driver that immediate action is necessary. Even last-second warnings can give drivers enough time to respond—e.g., to brake or steer around to avoid a crash.

DSRC: Communications Technology for IntelliDrive Active Safety Applications Active Safety requires instantaneous (extremely low-latency) communications technology. Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) is the only currently available technology that meets requirements of active safety applications. DSRC is similar to WiFi, tailored to the environment of moving vehicles When DSRC is combined with GPS, the result is a low-cost communication system that provides 360 degree situational awareness of all similarly equipped vehicles and infrastructure within range.

V2V – 6 Prototype Safety Applications Emergency Brake Light Warning Forward Collision Warning Intersection Movement Assist Blind Spot and Lane Change Warning Do Not Pass Warning Control Loss Warning

Emergency Brake Light Warning Emergency brake light warning provides notification to the driver when a vehicle ahead of us is braking., provided that both vehicles are equipped with IntelliDrive. Definition: Issues warning to the driver of the host vehicle of an emergency or hard braking event by a vehicle ahead in traffic, even when driver’s line of sight is obstructed by other vehicles or bad weather conditions (e.g., fog, heavy rain) Safety Problem to be Addressed: EEBL is aimed at avoiding or mitigating rear-end crashes, especially multi-vehicle crashes in dense traffic

Forward Collision Warning Definition: FCW issues warning to the driver of the host vehicle in case of an impending rear-end collision with a vehicle ahead in traffic in the same lane and direction of travel Safety Problem to be Addressed: FCW will help drivers in avoiding or mitigating rear-end vehicle collisions

Intersection Movement Assist Definition: IMA issues warning to the driver of a stopped or slow moving vehicle that is about to enter an intersection, when it is not safe to enter because of high collision probability with cross traffic Safety Problem to be Addressed: IMA targets a subset of intersection crashes related to proceeding through stop sign and uncontrolled intersections

Additional V2V Safety Applications Do Not Pass Warning – System issues a warning to the driver who intends to pass slower moving vehicles ahead by moving into the passing zone of the adjacent lane, which is or will be occupied by another vehicle traveling in the opposite direction Blind Spot and Lane Change Warning – System issues various stages of warning to the driver of the host vehicle during a lane change attempt if the vehicle’s blind spot is, or will soon be, occupied by another vehicle traveling in the same direction Control Loss Warning – System issues a warning to the driver who is about to enter a zone where another driver has recently lost control of his vehicle.

V2I – 4 Prototype Safety Applications Stop Sign and Signal Violation Warning Stop Sign Assist Signalized Left Turn Assist Traffic Signal Adaptation 11

V2I –Safety Applications Traffic Signal Violation Warning Left Turn Warning

V2I –Safety Applications Stop Sign Assist 13

V2I –Safety Applications Left Turn Warning

V2I –Safety Applications Traffic Signal Adaptation Stop Sign Violation Warning

Human-Machine Interface is Critical IntelliDrive safety applications will be designed to decrease human error, which causes 81% of crashes. The current IntelliDrive research program is emphasizing the importance of developing effective Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs), which are critical to ensure: Effective crash prevention and mitigation No unintended consequences Increased driver workload Risk compensation Consumer acceptance

25 % 23 % 9 % 28 % IntelliDrive Active Safety Applications Can Prevent Most Crash Types Intersection Movement Assist Stop Sign & Signal Violation Warnings CRASHES of All Severities--2007 25 % Others Crossing Paths Lane Departure Warning Lane Keeping Curve Speed Warning Stability Control 23 % 9 % Blind Spot Detection Side Radar Off Roadway Lane Change 28 % Rear-End Forward Crash Warning Adaptive Cruise Control Brake Assist Automatic Braking

IntelliDrive Safety Applications V-V Forward Collisions Intersection Lane Change/ Merge V-I Intersection Curve speed warning Driver Information Hazard Alert Weather Navigation Requires DSRC Communication Options 25% 89% 100 15% Percent of All Crashes Addressed

IntelliDrive Network Not Just for Safety

IntelliDrive Connectivity Will Support Active Safety applications to prevent crashes Information-Rich Infrastructure for mobility efficiency infrastructure management, and road weather applications Additional Applications to support environmental stewardship livable communities Traveler convenience and choice

and System Managers in Real Time Future Vision: IntelliDrive Ultimately Will Connect All Infrastructure Users and System Managers in Real Time Commercial Vehicle Fleet Owners and their Drivers Transit System Managers, Drivers, and Passengers Pedestrians Bicyclists

For More Information http://www.intellidrive.org/