Ministry of Health & Medical Education Centre for Disease Control & Management Department of Malaria

History  Malaria and Leishmaniasis are still the most important parasitic diseases in Iran.  Before establishment of malaria control program ( 1950 ) :  60 % of population of the country were inhabited in malarious area.  4-5 million annual malaria cases were reported  30-40% of deaths were attributed to malaria.

 One third of the annual budget of the Ministry of Health was being allocated for malaria control.  Current situation of Vector Borne Diseases  Malaria,13941 Cutaneous Leishmaniasis,197 Kala-azar and 95 CCHF cases are reported in 2002.

High Burden of Vector Borne Diseases in neighboring countries There are some constrains regarding to V.B.D in Iran that should be addressed : Socio – economic impact Infected areas are mainly located in less developed areas Variety of vectors Political instability (crisis) in some neighboring countries

 Current Vector Control Policy  General approach is based on IVM  National strategic plan for malaria control has special focus :  Entomological surveys 1–Evidence based decision making

 Vector control plan of action in peripheral levels  Monitoring of insecticide resistance  Epidemiological data collection

2–Integrated vector control activities Resource mobilization, use of all available resources & comprehensive activities to all vector borne diseases 3-Prioritisation  Environmental management  Strengthening of personal protection ( through community awareness effort )

 Promotion of using ITN’s  Biological control : Bacillus thuringiensis H-14 Larvivorus fish

Pesticides registration in Iran. Five Different organizations/ministries based on their responsibilities are involved in application, providing, distributing and using of pesticides.

1- The Office of Food, Drug and Cosmetic Health care Control of Ministry of Health 2- Veterinary Organization 3- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ministry of Health. 4- De partment of Disease Control (DCD), Ministry of Health. 5- Ministry of Agriculture.

The five above organizations are supervised by a Higher committee at the ministerial level called “Higher Committee on Supervision of Pesticide The committee consists : 1) The Minister/representative of Ministry of Health 2) Minister of Agriculture 3) Ministry of Industry 4) Environmental Protection Organization. Any change in pesticide regulation law or any new decision needs to confirm by the Higher Committee. It should be mention that:

The Plant Protection Organization has a legislation issued by Higher Committee (HCSP) and approved by the Parliament.

1) the representative of School of Public Health (MOH&ME) 2) Representative of Institute of Pest and Agricultural Research (Ministry of Agriculture) 3) Representative of Institute of Nutrition( Ministry of Science& Higher Education) 4) A Senior Expert in pest control, nominated by the Ministry of Agriculture (PPO). 5) The Director General for PPO The committee members are:

Registration is through PPO,there is a pesticide Board on which the MOH has a permanent Rep.&Efficacy study where necessary are carried out by the School of Public Health on behalf of MOH. The Procedure for Registration of Public Health pesticide

In first step the compound will be nominated to be tested in the field. The compound will be referred to related research organization for laboratory and field biological tests. The field tests should be carried out in two successive years in two different geographical situations.

After biological test, the result will be reviewed by the committee. In the case of positive effect of biological tests and reliability of results, the pesticide will be registered for three years.

After the temporary registration, the pesticide will be put in the list of proposed pesticide for pest control in the country. The information of registered pesticide will also put in a booklet, prepared by PPO, includes short notes on specification and formulation, target pest, toxicity, packaging and chemical properties...

Insecticide used for Malaria control in Iran (year 1998) Name of PesticideClassGroupVolume (kg/liter) IconPYAdulticide95554 PropoxurCAAdulticide4732 ActillicOPLarvicide770 ReldanOPLarvicide2067 AbateOPLarvicide138 Diesel oil & Kerosene Oil compoundLarvicide341567

Insecticide used for Malaria control in Iran (1999) Name of Pesticide ClassGroupVolume (kg/liter) IconPYAdulticide17443 PropoxurCAAdulticide3298 ActillicOPLarvicide775 ReldanOPLarvicide1800 AbateOPLarvicide16 Diesel oil & Kerosene Oil compoundLarvicide56268

Insecticide used for Malaria control in Iran (2000) Name of Pesticide ClassGroupVolume (kg/liter) IconPYAdulticide15506 PropoxurCAAdulticide9 ActillicOPLarvicide843 ReldanOPLarvicide2549 AbateOPLarvicide16 TritonSpreading agentLarvicide300 KeroseneOil compoundLarvicide55 Diesel oilOil compoundLarvicide26490

Insecticide used for Malaria control in Iran (2000) Name of Pesticide ClassGroupVolume (kg/liter) IconPYAdulticide15506 PropoxurCAAdulticide9 ActillicOPLarvicide843 ReldanOPLarvicide2549 AbateOPLarvicide16 TritonSpreading agentLarvicide300 KeroseneOil compoundLarvicide55 Diesel oilOil compoundLarvicide26490

Insecticide used for Malaria control in Iran (2002) Name of Pesticide ClassGroupVolume (kg/liter) IconPYAdulticide8288 PropoxurCAAdulticide905 ActilicOPLarvicide265 ReldanOPLarvicide2146 AbateOPLarvicide75 KeroseneOil compoundLarvicide82 Diesel oilOil compoundLarvicide15000

Insecticide used for Veterinary pests control in Iran (2002) Pesticide name Pesticide TypeGroup Azinophos-methylInsecticideOP AmitrazInsecticide- Acaricide Amidin PropoxurInsecticideCarbamate PropetamphosInsecticide- Acaricide OP TrichlorfonInsecticideOP DiazinonInsecticideOP CyromazinInsecticideTeriazin CyhalothrinInsecticide- Acaricide PY CyfluthrinInsecticide- Acaricide PY CypermethrinInsecticidePY FlumethrinInsecticide- Acaricide PY Fosetyl-aluminium (fosim) Insecticide- Acaricide OP deltamethrinInsecticide- Acaricide PY CoumaphosInsecticide- Acaricide OP