Reactions as acids. Reactions of alcohols with sodium Alcohols react with the reactive metal sodium, forming a sodium salt and hydrogen For example, ethanol.

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Presentation transcript:

Reactions as acids

Reactions of alcohols with sodium Alcohols react with the reactive metal sodium, forming a sodium salt and hydrogen For example, ethanol reacts with sodium forming sodium ethoxide and hydrogen

Reaction of ethanol with sodium

Acidic nature of the carboxylic acid group Ethanoic acid is a far stronger acid than ethanol This is because its anion is much more stable than that of ethanol This enables it to lose a hydrogen ion more readily The stability of the ethanoate ion is due to electron delocalisation (as in benzene)

Reactions of carboxylic acids as acids Carboxylic acids react with: Magnesium, forming a magnesium salt and hydrogen Sodium hydroxide, forming a sodium salt and hydrogen Sodium carbonate, forming a sodium salt, carbon dioxide and water

Reaction of ethanoic acid with magnesium Acid + metal → salt + hydrogen 2 CH 3 COOH + Mg → (CH 3 COO) 2 Mg + H 2 ethanoic acid magnesium ethanoate

Reaction of ethanoic acid with sodium hydroxide Acid + Base → Salt + Water CH 3 COOH + NaOH → CH 3 COONa + H 2 O ethanoic acid sodium ethanoate

Reaction of ethanoic acid with sodium carbonate Acid + Carbonate → Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide 2CH 3 COOH + Na 2 CO 3 → 2CH 3 COONa + H 2 O + CO 2 ethanoic acid sodium ethanoate