Internet2: Advanced Networking for Higher Education Gregory Wood Director of Communications University of Maine 20 January 2000

Yesterday’s Internet  Thousands of users  Remote login, file transfer  Applications capitalize on underlying technology  Experimental uses

Today’s Internet  Hundreds of millions of users  Web, , low-quality audio & video  Applications adapt to underlying technology  Important, not mission-critical uses

Tomorrow’s Internet  Billions of users and devices  Convergence of today’s applications and services with real time rich media environments  New technologies enable unanticipated applications (and create new challenges)  Mission-critical uses

Why Internet2?  The Internet was not designed for: Millions of users Congestion Multimedia Real time interaction  But, only the Internet can: Accommodate explosive growth Enable convergence of information work, mass media, and human collaboration

Research and Development Commercialization Partnerships Privatization Internet Development Spiral Today’s Internet Internet2 NGI

More Time Performance Less hype technological potential actual performance reality gap Innovating to Close the Gap

Internet2 Mission Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet

Internet2 Goals  Enable new generation of applications  Re-create leading edge R&E network capability  Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet

Internet2/NGI Relationship  Separate but interdependent  U.S. Next Generation Internet Led by Federal government Focused on Federal agency needs  Internet2 Led by higher education Focused on research and education needs

Advanced Applications

What are “Internet2 applications”?  They deliver qualitative and quantitative improvements in how we conduct research and engage in teaching and learning  They require advanced networks to work

Different Disciplines/Contexts  Sciences  Arts  Humanities  Health care  Business/Law  Administration  …  Instruction  Collaboration  Streaming video  Distributed computation  Data mining  Virtual reality  Digital libraries  …

Application Attributes  Interactive collaboration and instruction  Real-time access to remote resources

Attributes, cont.  Large-scale, multi- site computation and database processing  Shared virtual reality  Any combination of the above

Video Encyclopedia of the 20th Century Northwestern University

Space Physics and Aeronomy Research Collaboratory University of Michigan

Remote Scanning Electron Microscope University of Michigan

Philips XL30

Distributed nanoManipulator UNC-Chapel Hill

Advanced Regional Prediction System University of Oklahoma

3D Brain Mapping: “Watching the Brain in Action” University of Pittsburgh Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center

Tele-immersion  Telecubicle -- The distributed virtual office Advanced Network & Services Brown University Naval Postgraduate School University of North Carolina Chapel Hill University of Pennsylvania

First Generation Telecubicle

Re-creating leading edge networking capabilities...

Applications Engineering MotivateEnables Applications and Engineering

Internet2 Initiatives  Quality of Service: QBone  Multicast  Internet2 Middleware Initiative  Distributed Storage: I2-DSI dsi.internet2.edu  Digital Video: I2-DV dv.internet2.edu

 Campus networks  GigaPoPs  National backbones End-to-End Network Performance

Internet2 GigaPoPs

National Networks  Internet2 Backbone Networks vBNS(+) Abilene  Federal Backbone Networks DREN ESnet NREN …

Abilene Network Cleveland New York Atlanta Indianapolis Kansas City Houston Denver Los Angeles Sacramento Seattle Abilene Router Node Abilene Access Node Operational January 1999 Planned 1999

Technology Transfer  Collaboratively developing and deploying advanced applications  Developing pre-commercial infrastructure and protocols  Establishing expertise and human capital

Internet2 Universities 171 Members as of January 2000

Internet2 Corporate Partners  ITC^Deltacom  Lucent Technologies  MCI Worldcom  Microsoft  Newbridge Networks  Nortel Networks  Qwest Communications  StarBurst  WCI Cable  3Com  Advanced Network & Services  Alcatel  Ameritech  AT&T  Cabletron Systems  Cisco Systems  FORE Systems  IBM

Internet2 International Partners  CANARIE (Canada)  Stichting SURF (Netherlands)  NORDUnet (Nordic countries)  TERENA (pan-European association)  UKERNA (UK)  INFN-GARR (Italy)  DFN-Verein (Germany)  GIP RENATER (France)  JAIRC (Japan)  CANARIE (Canada)  Stichting SURF (Netherlands)  NORDUnet (Nordic countries)  TERENA (pan-European association)  UKERNA (UK)  INFN-GARR (Italy)  DFN-Verein (Germany)  GIP RENATER (France)  JAIRC (Japan)  SingAREN (Singapore)  CUDI (Mexico)  APAN (Asia-Pacific region)  Israel-IUCC (Israel)  DANTE (European network)  AAIREP (Australia)  HEAnet (Ireland)  CESnet (Czech Republic)  SWITCH (Switzerland)  SingAREN (Singapore)  CUDI (Mexico)  APAN (Asia-Pacific region)  Israel-IUCC (Israel)  DANTE (European network)  AAIREP (Australia)  HEAnet (Ireland)  CESnet (Czech Republic)  SWITCH (Switzerland)

Information  Collaboration  Today’s Internet focuses on access to and delivery of information and entertainment  Tomorrow’s Internet will support human collaboration in an information and media rich environment  The vision is vision!

Unanticipated Innovation  Lesson of the Web  Network growth and value are non- linear  New technologies enable qualitatively different uses  Users become innovators

TM