knots WIND DESIRED TRACK HEADING HEADING VS TRACK

Tail wind exists so consider a lower power setting. With 73% and 2600 rpm we get 119 airspeed and 133 kt groundspeed. With 55% and 2350 rpm we get 108 airspeed and 120 kt groundspeed. It makes a difference of 2 extra minutes! Engine stress is much less, fuel flow is less

SCALE on CHART RULE INITIAL CHECKS - MAP ACCURACY TO DETERMINE DISTANCE

Aircraft: Aircraft: Cessna 172S C-GSCS White with Red/Black trim Owner: Owner: Yourself c/o Kingston Federal Pen, Kingston, ON Radio equipment: Radio equipment: 2 NAV/COM, 1 Transponder with Mode C, 1 ADF receiver, 1 GPS ELT: ELT: Pointer Sentry Fixed ELT Route: Route: CYGK (Kingston) Direct CYOW (Ottawa). Set heading point will be overhead Kingston Power Setting: Power Setting: Closest to 55% at your cruising altitude of 5,500’ ASL Weather: Weather: Assume temperature is 10°C warmer than standard at all altitudes; Altimeter setting 29.92” ; Wind at 5,500 ASL forecast to be 220°T at 18 knots Pilot Licence: Pilot Licence:PA Allow 6 minutes at cruise power for circuit before landing at Ottawa. For start, run-up, takeoff and climb, allow fuel as indicated on the charts. Proposed departure time is 0200 EDT. Allow 6 minutes at cruise power for circuit before landing at Ottawa. For start, run-up, takeoff and climb, allow fuel as indicated on the charts. Proposed departure time is 0200 EDT. Complete a flight log and a flight plan for the proposed flight. Complete a flight log and a flight plan for the proposed flight.

CYGK C-GSCS Ima D. PiloteMarch 25

Kingston is close to sea level so you can assume a climb from S.L. to Kingston is close to sea level so you can assume a climb from S.L. to Interpolate between 5500 and 6500 ft levels Interpolate between 5500 and 6500 ft levels Distance not required since we are setting heading over the airport. Distance not required since we are setting heading over the airport.

Normal Best Rate Climb visibility vs. climb vs. need

Cruise Climb in Haze visibility better

CYGK C-GSCS Ima D. PiloteMarch 25 CYGK Start/ climb

Measure distance Measure True Track (half way along route)

CYGK C-GSCS Ima D. PiloteMarch 25 CYGK Start/ climb CYOW

Measure track at mid meridian ISOGONIC LINES

pick the cruise altitude chart closest to our planned cruise altitude. pick the cruise altitude chart closest to our planned cruise altitude RPM is in the right range (55%) when we interpolate RPM is in the right range (55%) when we interpolate. At 10˚C above standard we interpolate halfway between standard and 20˚C above standard. At 10˚C above standard we interpolate halfway between standard and 20˚C above standard. KTAS = 107 KTAS = 107 GPH = 8.0 GPH = 8.0 ****DISCLAIMER**** You can interpolate exactly between altitudes as well (your instructors may want this), however, for this course, the technique used in this example is all that is required.

Finding IAS First find CAS on E6-B First find CAS on E6-B Standard temp at 5500 = 4˚C Standard temp at 5500 = 4˚C +10˚C +10˚C 14˚C 14˚C Assume standard pressure for this example Assume standard pressure for this example Set 5500 against 14˚C on the density altitude window Set 5500 against 14˚C on the density altitude window Find TAS of 107 on the outer scale and read CAS on the inner wheel. KCAS = 97 kts Find TAS of 107 on the outer scale and read CAS on the inner wheel. KCAS = 97 kts

Finding IAS On the normal static source airspeed calibration chart compare KCAS to KIAS for flaps up. On the normal static source airspeed calibration chart compare KCAS to KIAS for flaps up. KIAS = 100 kts KIAS = 100 kts

CYGK C-GSCS Ima D. PiloteMarch 25 CYGK Start/ climb CYOW

Apply winds to find true heading and ground speed Winds 220 at 18 knots. Winds 220 at 18 knots. Follow the instructions on the back of your Follow the instructions on the back of your E6-B to find true heading and ground speed. True heading = 029 – 002 = 027 True heading = 029 – 002 = 027 Ground speed = 124 knots Ground speed = 124 knots

CYGK C-GSCS Ima D. PiloteMarch 25 CYGK Start/ climb CYOW /

Apply variation to find magnetic heading. Pick isogonic line closest to middle of route 13˚W 14˚W

CYGK C-GSCS Ima D. PiloteMarch 25 CYGK Start/ climb CYOW / W

Calculate time and fuel required from your E6-B Time = 76 nm = 0+37 Time = 76 nm = kts 124 kts Fuel required = 0+37 at 8.0 gph = 5.0 gallons Fuel required = 0+37 at 8.0 gph = 5.0 gallons

CYGK C-GSCS Ima D. PiloteMarch 25 CYGK Start/ climb CYOW / W

Arrival/Circuit Standard circuit = 6 minutes at cruise fuel burn Standard circuit = 6 minutes at cruise fuel burn Time = 0+06 Time = 0+06 Fuel = 0.8 gallons Fuel = 0.8 gallons Consider allowing for more time/fuel at a busier airport. Consider allowing for more time/fuel at a busier airport.

CYGK C-GSCS Ima D. PiloteMarch 25 CYGK Start/ climb CYOW / W Circuit Add distance/time/fuel req’d to get sub totals

Reserve Fuel Day VFR = 30 minutes at normal cruise speed Day VFR = 30 minutes at normal cruise speed Night VFR = 45 minutes at normal cruise speed Night VFR = 45 minutes at normal cruise speed Time = 0+30 Time = 0+30 Fuel = 4.0 gallons Fuel = 4.0 gallons

CYGK C-GSCS Ima D. PiloteMarch 25 CYGK Start/ climb CYOW / W Circuit Add distance and fuel to get TOTAL

FGU 111 AIM - RAC 3-12 to 3-27 X XX XX (Example only)

C– 1 7 2LSG/C CYGK Z N CYOW A 0 5 5DCT C–G S C SV G (Z not required)

owner KINGSTON FEDERAL PENITENTIARY X A F XX X RED AND BLACK ON WHITE X Quebec FSS via CYOW Ground KINGSTON PEN/POLICE/OPP/RCMP CRIME STOPPERS Ima D. PilotePA X