Our Genes, Our Selves Jeopardy OFFSPRINGGENETICS LIFE’S LITTLE BLUEPRINTS HUH….WHAT’S THAT MEAN?

OFFSPRING 100 Budding, cloning, & cell division are all examples of ___________ reproduction. The genes of such offspring are always ____________ to the parent organisms. Answer: Asexual, Identical

OFFSPRING 200 In ____________ reproduction, when sex cells unite, we call this _____________, and the resulting cell that begins to divide and develop into an offspring of the two parents inherits ½ of its _____________ from each parent. Answer: Sexual, Fertilization, Chromosomes or Genes

OFFSPRING 300 Offspring from asexual reproduction are considered _________ because they are genetically identical to the parent (unless a mutation occurs in a gene or chromosome). Answer: Clones

OFFSPRING 400 Humans have two copies of each chromosome (known as chromosome pairs). A) How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have? B) What is the total number of chromosomes that humans have? Answer: A) 23 chromosome pairs B) 46 chromosomes BONUS 50 POINTS: It is the 23 rd chromosome pair that determines sex. What chromosome pair results in a female and what chromosome pair results in a male? Answer: Female=(XX), Male=(XY)

OFFSPRING 500 In addition to single-celled organisms that reproduce asexually, some multicellular organisms can reproduce both sexually and asexually. For example, taking a clipping from a plant and placing it in water can asexually reproduce (grow) an offspring that is genetically identical to the parent plant. A) How does the plant reproduce sexually? B) Would it’s offspring be genetically identical to the parent plants? Explain! Answer: A) Two plants are necessary for cross pollination of male and female sex cells. B) The offspring would not be identical because it receive ½ of its genes from each parent plant.

GENETICS 100 A) What is the name of the monk/geneticist that studied genetic inheritance patterns? B) Did his experiments involve sexual or asexual reproduction? Answer: A) Gregor Mendel B) Sexual reproduction

GENETICS 200 A Punnet square is a tool used by geneticist that shows all the possible alleles (or versions of a gene) that can be inherited by the offspring of two parents. If a heterozygous blue-tailed critter (Bb) is crossed with a homozygous orange-tailed critter (bb), what is the probability of blue- tailed to orange-tailed offspring being born. Answer: 2 : 2 or 1 : 1 ratio (50% chance for blue or orange.

GENETICS 300 (Multiple Choice) A pedigree is used by geneticists to: (A, B, C, or D) A) predict the probability of offspring inheriting traits. B) experiment with cross breeding organisms. C) trace inheritance of traits over generations of families. D) identify unknown individuals. Answer: C) trace inheritance of traits over generations of families.

GENETICS 400 (Modified True/False) DNA fingerprinting is used to identify relationships between individuals and to help solve crimes when criminals leave DNA at a crime scene because all humans have the same DNA, except for identical siblings. Answer: False—no two humans have the same DNA, except for identical siblings.

GENETICS 500 Pedigrees use circles and squares to differentiate males from females— A) which shape is used for females? B) what is a carrier? Answer: A) Circles=Female, B) a carrier is one who inherits a gene for a recessive trait, but they don’t have the trait. They are heterozygous and have one dominant and one recessive allele.

LIFE’S LITTLE BLUEPRINTS 100 (Multiple Choice) The inherited factors that control/determine the traits of living organisms are: (A, B, C, or D) A) Parents B) Genes C) Pants D) Genes + Environment Answer: B Genes—environmental factors are not inherited

LIFE’S LITTLE BLUEPRINTS 200 (Multiple Choice) What factors can affect a persons physical traits? (A, B, C, D, or E) A) one gene B) multiple genes C) the environment D) A & B only E) All of the above Answer: E) All of the above

LIFE’S LITTLE BLUEPRINTS 300 List the following structures from smallest to largest: chromosome, gene, blood cell, DNA, nucleus, D-cell battery. Answer: gene DNA Chromosome Nucleus Blood cell D-cell battery

LIFE’S LITTLE BLUEPRINTS 400 why? Answer:.

LIFE’S LITTLE BLUEPRINTS 500. Answer: g

HUH…WHAT’S THAT MEAN? 100 Probability Answer:.

HUH…WHAT’S THAT MEAN? 200 Mutation? Answer: n

HUH…WHAT’S THAT MEAN? 300 Simple dominance / recessive pattern? Answer: d

HUH…WHAT’S THAT MEAN? 400 In Mendel’s work with pea plants, the characteristic for stem height had the traits “tall” & “short.” He learned that there was a “simple dominant/recessive pattern” with the tall trait determined by the dominant allele and the short trait determined by the recessive allele. A) If “t” is the letter used to represent alleles, what are the possible allele pairs for “tall stem” and “short stem” pea plants? B) Which trait(s) would be “homozygous,” and which trait(s) would be “heterozygous?” Answer: A) Tall=(TT) & (Tt), Short=(tt) B) Homozygous Dominant tall (TT) & Homozygous Recessive short (tt), Heterozygous Dominant tall (Tt).

HUH…WHAT’S THAT MEAN? 500 Incomplete & Co-Dominance? Answer:)