Coordination Compounds

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Presentation transcript:

Coordination Compounds They’re complex.

A coordination compound is the result of a Lewis acid-base reaction. M+a + x :L-b  [MLx]a-xb Lewis Acid Lewis Base Complex Ion A coordination compound is an ionic compound that includes a complex ion.

For example “Ligand” =“tied on” Cu+2 + 4:NH3  [Cu(NH3)4] +2 Lewis Acid Lewis Base Complex Ion The complex ion is a metal ion with ligands “tied on” to it.

tetraamminecopper (II) sulfate For example Cu+2 +SO4-2 + 4:NH3  [Cu(NH3)4]SO4 The same complex ion as part of a coordination compound: tetraamminecopper (II) sulfate

For example You have seen that the anhydrous copper (II) ion is colorless. In an aqueous system: [Cu(H2O)6]+2 + 4:NH3 [Cu(NH3)4H2O] +2 …the copper (II) ion is already part of a complex

Remember hydrates? CuSO4•5H2O

pentaaquocopper (II) sulfate Remember hydrates? CuSO4•5H2O Or is it…. [Cu(H2O:)5]SO4? pentaaquocopper (II) sulfate

We use brackets around a complex ion. A coordination compound has a complex ion (cation, anion or both!)

Naming a coordination compound Name the (+) ion first. Name (-) ion How do we name the complex ion?

Start with the metal—state the oxidation number. Use Latin roots and –ate ending when it is an anion (- ion) . Prefixes (with numerical prefixes) show ligands. Many ligands end in –o-. Special names when used as a ligand

Special names when used as a ligand H2O– aquo- NH3– ammine- CN- --cyano- CO --carbonyl- OH- --hydroxo- Chloro- iodo- bromo- etc. When using (en) or (EDTA), numerical prefixes include: bis- for 2, tris- for 3, tetrakis- for 4

Different ligands are listed in alphabetical order (regardless of numerical prefix)