CHAPTER 7-Balancing Nationalism and Sectionalism VUS.6b Economic, political, geographic factors that led to territorial expansion

ANOTHER “REVOLUTION” AFFECTS AMERICA-SECTION 1 Eli Whitney – inventor; demonstrated the use of interchangeable parts (parts that are exactly alike) -easy for unskilled workers -increased speed of manufacturing Industrial Revolution – social and economic reorganization that took place as machines replaced hand tools and large-scale factory production developed

Great Britain starts the Ind. Rev. Had abundance of labor, natural resources, and $$$ (they made a bundle from the slave trade/Triangle trade) Used swift streams/coal to generate power (page 214) More $$$$ meant more factories & more labor saving inventions

Two Economic Systems: “The Tale of Two Regions” The North: Shipping and foreign trade invested in Mfg (manufacturing) 1793 – first mechanized textile factory in Rhode Island (What is this and why would they hire mostly women??)

North Continued…… Northern Agriculture: Small family farms or just sold enough corn/livestock in local town to buy mfg goods Little demand for slaves Late 1700s – Northerners begin to voice religious & political opposition to slavery

“The South” – Way down in Dixie Cotton is “KING”!!!!!!!!!! The Cotton Kingdom was fueled by the cotton gin >>>>> huge areas West of Appalachian Mtns East of the Mississippi are bought up and planted in……….Cotton! Of course Cotton gin increased need for slaves Why?? Skill builder 1 & 2 page 216

Can the “Tale of Two Regions” be UNIFIED ??? Presented in 1815 by James Madison American System: economic plan to unite North and South Three points: Transportation systems: National Road and Erie Canal (Steamboat invented 1807) Protective Tariffs (Tariff of 1816) National Bank – common currency

Govt Economic Control McCulloch v. Maryland: Supreme Court rules Maryland’s heavy tax on the local B.U.S. was meant to make it fail – court ruled the bank was protected by the constitution “power to tax is power to destroy” National govt over state govt Other S.C. rulings blocked state economic interference

Political Nationalism shapes foreign policy Nationalism?? – Do you remember?? Territories & Boundaries Rush-Bagot Treaty – led U.S. & Canada to demilitarize common border Adams-Onis Treaty – Spain gave up rights to Florida & Oregon territory to U.S.

Monroe Doctrine After Europe defeats Napoleon – Spain and Portugal want former Colonies back Russia is moving from Alaska into California U.S. threatened: “Dangerous to our peace and safety” Europe not to interfere in Western Hemisphere/U.S not to interfere in Europe

Can you remember?

?????????? Interchangeable parts Industrial Revolution Northern Economics (textiles, farming, slavery??) Southern Economics (King?, Cotton gin, slavery??) American System, McCulloch v. Maryland, Nationalism, Monroe Doctrine