DTN Network Management Scenarios and General Requirements Will Ivancic

DTN D is for Delay (Deep Space) D is for Disruption (Military) D is for Disconnected (All)

3 DTN in a nutshell DTN Source DTN Bundle Forwarding Agent DTN Destination Where are you headed? Knoxville, Wheeling, then Fort Pitt. Can you take this letter to my Brother at Fort Pitt? Yes Mam, I sure can. Dave Ft. Pitt Dave Ft. Pitt Dave Ft. Pitt Dave Ft. Pitt

4 DTN in a nutshell DTN Bundle Forwarding Agent Dave Ft. Pitt Dave Ft. Pitt DTN Bundle Forwarding Agent DTN Destination

5 Why DTN? Cons Non-Optimal Solution for particular situations such as if limited infrastructure exists Adds Overhead Can be significant overhead depending on the packet size Pros Flexibility Reliability Robustness DTN is a network overlay abstraction. This requires overhead. One is either willing to trade overhead for flexibility or they are not.

6 Delay/Disruption Tolerant Network (DTN) A standardized store and forward protocol and routing protocol Designed for extreme environments Large transmission link delays Extended periods of network partitioning Routing capable of operating efficiently in the following environments Frequently-disconnected Pre-scheduled Opportunistic link availability High per-link error rates making end-to-end reliability difficult Heterogeneous underlying network technologies (including non- IP-based internets) The architecture operates as an overlay network Institutes a new naming architecture based on Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Concept of Late Binding of Name to Address

7 DTN Environments Scheduled (long delay) Opportunistic (Intermittent Connectivity, Short Delay)

Scenarios Deep Space Mars Relay Simple Sensor Networks Data Mule Rapid Disruption (Fades due to RF) Low Earth Orbiting Sensor Satellite Geostationary Bent Pipe Relay Satellite Unmanned Aeronautical Vehicles

Mars Relay Long Delay Short Delay DTN Bundle Agent

UAV via GEO Satellite DTN Bundle Agent DTN Bundle Agent DTN Bundle Agent RF Relay DTN Bundle Agent

Data Mule

Low Earth Orbiting Satellite

Network Management Monitoring and Measurement Debugging and Troubleshooting Performance profiles -- delay and throughput; disruption and connectivity Configuration Routing Security configurations (and policy) DTN-Tables ? (long term)  Applications (related to traffic generation for testing and monitoring purposes) General User Applications that can be use to test, stress and exercise the network (i.e. DTNtraceroute, DTNsend/receive, DTNperf, etc...) DTN useful applications (i.e DTNdatabase synchronization (DTNrsync), DTNmail, DTNchat ?, etc...)

Network Management Monitoring and Configuration General Requirements Local Network Management Remote Network Management Monitoring Bundle Processing System Characteristics Convergence Layers Multi-Homing Radios Processing Power Onboard Storage Configuration Routing Name Resolution Local and Network Time Security

Definitions Local Management ≡ Logged into the device locally or via Real-time access such as via a connected IP network Assume high bandwidth, no disruption and insignificant delay Remote Management ≡ Managed over a DTN network Handles Long Delays, Long Periods of Disruption, and Low Bandwidths

General Requirements Management and Configuration should work for all DTN environments High delay, long periods of disconnection, low bandwidth System may be multiple hops away and never reachable in a single hop System may not be synchronized (although current bundling RFC 5050 assumes synchronization) Multiple security levels Secure Login and encrypted data transfer (i.e. SSH or TLS for local management, something yet to be defined for remote management) Monitoring - Modest Security Configuration - High Security Remote Management uses bundling Remote Configuration Incremental Test, Validation, restore/recovery

Utilities – beginnings of NetMgt (Make utilities interoperable between ION and DTN-2) DTN-ping DTN-send/receive DTN-traceroute DTN-perf DTN-heartbeat DTN- DTN-chat Bundle Count / Traffic Measurement (NEW Request)

NASA DEN Phase-0 Scenario Phase-0 Continuous Connectivity Static routing No BP Security Delay: Lunar 3 sec BW: 128kbps [>100Mbps] BP/LTP/Encap or BP/LTP/IP/Encap Delay: 100s msec? BW: 72/k/192k Story EVA sending some sort of telemetry (different kinds to APL and JPL) Understand that EVA data wouldn’t really go to APL/JPL BP/LTP/Encap or BP/LTP/IP/Encap? OhioU has TCPCL for ION? BW: 10Mbps Limit the amount of available storage (later)

DTNBone We invite you to participate in the DTNbone Web Page Mail list Establish a worldwide collection of nodes running DTN bundle agents and applications. Remote management and control of nodes, Interoperability, Application deployment and testing, Operations across administrative boundaries.

DTN GW Rover Habitat Science Sensor 1 Mbps 256 kbps 128 kbps EARTH MOON L2 Relay Lunar Relay Always ON ? Intermittent Multiple Switched Ground Stations emulated as one single DTN GW International Partner #2 International Partner #1 Switched

DTN GW L2 Relay Habitat Lunar Relay Rover Sensor SW CS Real-time Control Plan Defined as part of Local Management CS Channel Simulator (Rate, BER and Connectivity) DTN Data Flow