CJ386-Unit 2:Forensic Serology Review TMB & Kastle Meyer- Examples of presumptive color tests for blood Luminol and Blue Star- Causes difficult to see blood stains glow in the dark. Useful when blood evidence clean-up is suspected. Requires scene to be dark. Presumptive for blood. Bleach produces a false positive. Microcrystal tests such as Takayama-Confirmation test for blood. Precipitin Test- First reliable technique used to distinguish human from animal blood ABO blood type system-First forensic technique used to distinguish blood between individuals. Acid Phosphatase Test-Presumptive chemical test for semen Confirmation of semen stain through sperm identification with microscope or p30 / PSA test

Unit 3 Seminar–Chapter 11: DNA Questions Basically, in chemical terms what is DNA? What do the letters DNA stand for? What is the shape of a DNA molecule? What is DNA made of?

Unit 3 Seminar: Chapter 11-DNA Questions How many different bases can make up the rungs of the DNA double helix? What are these bases called? Which base can ‘A’ join with and which base can ‘G ‘pair with? Name the two scientists that discovered the double helix structure of the DNA molecule?

Unit 3 Seminar: Chapter 11-DNA Questions What is the name of the first forensic DNA analysis typing process used to examine blood and other body fluid evidence? What does RFLP stand for? Briefly summarize how the RFLP technique works?

Unit 3 Seminar: Chapter 11 DNA Questions Can anyone name the scientist that invented forensic DNA typing or DNA fingerprinting, as it was originally called in the early 1980’S? What are some of the limitations of the RFLP DNA typing procedure that led to its demise only 10 years after it became the standardized method to examine forensic DNA evidence? What technique is widely used to replicate or amplify a small quantity of DNA? What instrument is used to perform STR-DNA typing?

CJ386 Unit 3 Seminar: Chapter 11 Questions Which of the following DNA analysis techniques is more sensitive (requires less sample to obtain DNA data)……….RFLP or PCR? What is Y-STR DNA typing and what is the advantage of this DNA tying technique? What type of DNA analysis is routinely used to identify the dead from bones, teeth or hair shafts?

CJ386 Unit 3 Seminar: Chapter 11 Questions With STR DNA typing, can the gender of the donor of a blood stain be determined? Does everyone on the planet have a different nuclear DNA profile? What does CODIS stand for? What is the value of CODIS? How should you package blood stained clothing for submission to the crime lab?

Unit3: Forensic DNA: Review RFLP-First forensic DNA analysis technique. No longer used. STR Analysis is current standard forensic DNA analysis technique PCR works in tandem with STR analysis to amplify small quantities of DNA STR analysis is conducted using capillary electrophoresis. Y-STR Analysis tests for male DNA. Useful in crimes against females by males mtDNA analysis is less specific than nuclear DNA analysis, but works well with, teeth, bone and hair fragments CODIS-Shared computerized DNA database containing13 locus DNA profiles of convicted offenders, crime scene samples, missing persons, etc. Established by FBI in 1998