neoformans causes cryptococcal meningitis. C neoformans is an oval, budding yeast surrounded by a wide polysaccharide.

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Presentation transcript:

neoformans causes cryptococcal meningitis. C neoformans is an oval, budding yeast surrounded by a wide polysaccharide capsule. It is not dimorphic.

It occurs widely in nature and found in soil containing pigeon Birds are not Human infection results from inhalation of the No human to human transmission.

Lung infection is often asymptomatic or may produce Disease is common in AIDS patients, and the organism disseminates to C.N.S. (meningitis) and other organs.

Laboratory In CSF mixed with India ink, the wide, unstained capsule is Culture of CSF and other Serologic tests can be done for both antibody and In CSF, capsular antigen is detected by latex particle agglutination test.

Treatment & Cryptococcal infection is treated by amphotericin B, flucytosine, or No means of prevention.

Aspergillus fumigatus. cause infections of skin, eyes, ears, and other It causes "fungus ball" in lungs; and bronchial asthma Aspergillus exist only as molds; it is not Has septate hyphae & conidia with radiating chains

Widely distributed in nature, & live on decaying vegetation, producing chains of Transmission is by conidia shed in the air.

Asp. fumigatus invades lungs causing hemoptysis, granulomata, and It invades pulmonary cavities & causes aspergilloma ("fungus Aspergillus flavus contaminates cereals & nuts to produce aflatoxin that causes liver toxicicity and cancer.

Laboratory Biopsy show septate, branching Cultures show colonies with radiating chains of High levels of IgE are detected in patients with Aspergillus IgG precipitins antibodies are detected by serology.

Treatment & For aspergillosis give amphotericin Fungus ball can be removed For aspergillosis asthma give No specific means of prevention.

MUCOR & The disease zygomycosis is caused by the saprophytic molds: Mucor and They are not Transmitted from the environment by asexual spores from the Causes infarction & necrosis nasal sinuses, lungs, eyes, and gut.

Lab. Culture: shows colonies with spores inside Biopsy: to detect hyphae with irregular walls and branches. Give amphotercin B and remove necrotic tissue surgically.