Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Self-actualization personal growth and fulfilment Esteem needs achievement, status, responsibility, reputation Belongingness and Love needs family, affection, relationships, work group, etc. Safety needs protection, security, order, law, limits, stability, etc. Biological and Physiological needs basic life needs - air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sex, sleep, etc. © design Alan Chapman 2001-7, based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Not to be sold or published. More free online training resources are at www.businessballs.com. Alan Chapman accepts no liability.

What is It? Each of us is motivated by needs. Our most basic needs are inborn, having evolved over tens of thousands of years. Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs helps to explain how these needs motivate us all. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs states that we must satisfy each need in turn, starting with the first, which deals with the most obvious needs for survival itself. Only when the lower order needs of physical and emotional well-being are satisfied are we concerned with the higher order needs of influence and personal development. Conversely, if the things that satisfy our lower order needs are swept away, we are no longer concerned about the maintenance of our higher order needs.

Specific Needs 1. Biological and Physiological needs - air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sleep, etc. 2. Safety needs - protection from elements, security, order, law, limits, stability, etc. 3. Belongingness and Love needs - work group, family, affection, relationships, etc. 4. Esteem needs - self-esteem, achievement, mastery, independence, status, dominance, prestige, managerial responsibility, etc. 5. Self-Actualization needs - realising personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth and peak experiences.

Alan Chapman Consultancy 2003 Quick Test Read the following eight statements and rank from 1-5 of importance as they apply to you. There are no right or wrong answers. 􀂆 D Aside from dieting and personal choice, I never starve through lack of food, nor lack of money to buy food. Aside from the usual trauma of moving a house, I have no worry at all about having somewhere to live - I have ‘a roof over my head’. 􀂆 E I generally feel safe and secure - school, home, etc - and protected from harm. My life generally has routine and structure - long periods of uncontrollable chaos are rare or non-existent. 􀂆 B I am part of, and loved by, my family. I have good relationships with my friends and peers- they accept me for who I am. 􀂆 A I am successful in life and/or work, and I’m recognized by my peers for being so. I’m satisfied with the responsibility and role that I have in life and/or school/work, my status and reputation, and my level of self-esteem. 􀂆 C My aim is self-knowledge and enlightenment. The most important thing to me is realizing my ultimate personal potential. I seek and welcome ‘peak’ experiences. Alan Chapman Consultancy 2003

3 Belongingness and Love Needs B 4 Esteem Needs A Interpretation 1 Biological Needs D 2 Safety Needs E 3 Belongingness and Love Needs B 4 Esteem Needs A 5 Self-Actualization Needs C D Aside from dieting and personal choice, I never starve through lack of food, nor lack of money to buy food. Aside from the usual trauma of moving a house, I have no worry at all about having somewhere to live - I have ‘a roof over my head’. E I generally feel safe and secure - school, home, etc - and protected from harm. My life generally has routine and structure - long periods of uncontrollable chaos are rare or non-existent. B I am part of, and loved by, my family. I have good relationships with my friends and peers- they accept me for who I am. A I am successful in life and/or work, and I’m recognized by my peers for being so. I’m satisfied with the responsibility and role that I have in life and/or school/work, my status and reputation, and my level of self-esteem. C My aim is self-knowledge and enlightenment. The most important thing to me is realizing my ultimate personal potential. I seek and welcome ‘peak’ experiences.

Physiological needs (1) Discussion The first four layers of the pyramid are what Maslow called "deficiency needs" or "D-needs": the individual does not feel anything if they are met, but feels anxious if they are not met. The deficiency needs are: Physiological, Safety, Love/Belonging, and Esteem needs. Physiological needs (1) These are the basic animal needs for such things as food, warmth, sex, water, and other body needs. If a person is hungry or thirsty or his body is chemically unbalanced, all of his energies turn toward remedying these deficiencies, and other needs remain inactive. If some needs are not fulfilled, a human's physiological needs take the highest priority. Physiological needs can control thoughts and behaviors, and can cause people to feel sickness, pain, and discomfort. Safety needs (2) With his physical needs relatively satisfied, the individual's safety needs take over and dominate his behavior. These needs have to do with man's yearning for a predictable, orderly world in which injustice and inconsistency are under control, the familiar frequent, and the unfamiliar rare. Safety needs include: Personal security; Financial security; Health and well-being Safety net against accidents/illness and the adverse impacts Love/Belonging/Social needs (3) After physiological and safety needs are fulfilled, the third layer of human needs is social. This psychological aspect of Maslow's hierarchy involves emotionally-based relationships in general, such as: Friendship; Family Humans need to feel a sense of belonging and acceptance In the absence of these elements, many people become susceptible to loneliness, social anxiety, and depression. This need for belonging can often overcome the physiological and security needs, depending on the strength of the peer pressure. e.g. an anorexic ignores the need to eat and the security of health for a feeling of control and belonging.

Discussion Esteem needs (4) All humans have a need to be respected, to have self-esteem, self-respect, and to respect others. People need to engage themselves to gain recognition and have an activity or activities that give the person a sense of contribution, to feel accepted and self-valued.. Cognitive needs Maslow believed that humans have the need to increase their intelligence and thereby obtain knowledge. Cognitive needs is the expression of the natural human need to learn, explore, discover and create to get a better understanding of the world around them. Aesthetic needs Based on Maslow's beliefs, it is stated in the hierarchy that humans need beautiful imagery or something new and aesthetically pleasing to continue up towards Self-Actualization. Humans need to refresh themselves in the presence and beauty

Self-actualization (5) Discussion Self-actualization (5) The instinctual need of humans to make the most of their abilities and to strive to be the best they can. Working toward fulfilling our potential, toward becoming all that we are capable of becoming. This final stage of psychological development comes when the individual feels assured that his/her physiological, security, affiliation and affection, self-respect, and recognition needs have been satisfied.

Of Mice and Men Where in the story does it show that George and Lennie have acquired each level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs? Are there any that they never acquired? Are there some that only one acquired? Discuss each level as it pertains to each of the two characters; give specific examples (quotes that must be cited from the book) in your discussion. Biological and Physiological needs basic life needs - air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sleep, etc. Safety needs protection, security, order, law, limits, stability, etc. Belongingness and Love needs family, affection, relationships, work group, etc. Esteem needs achievement, status, responsibility, reputation Self-actualization personal growth and fulfilment