Reasons for Conflict and Change Southwest Asia (Middle East) Africa Southwest Asia (Middle East) How did Europe divide Africa when it colonized the continent? How did Europe divide Southwest Asia after the breakup of the Ottoman Empire? How were these boundaries different than the way the continent was organized before? How were these boundaries different than the way the region was organized before? How did the people native to the continent feel about these boundaries? How did the people living in this region feel about these boundaries? What were the results of these new boundaries? How did the people respond to them? During the Scramble for Africa and the Berlin Conference, European countries competed to divide Africa The League of Nations(England and France) controlled these countries until they felt they could rule themselves Boundaries after were drawn randomly without considering various ethnic groups. Often boundaries divided these groups Did not take in to account different ethnic groups Closer to their enemies; divided from their allies Angry-especially Palestinians Conflict, civil war Conflict, War Nationalism, Conflict Nationalism, Conflict

How did European involvement in Southwest Asia impact the region after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire? Many Europeans immigrated to Southwest Asia. Countries in Southwest Asia modeled their governments on European governments. Political borders were decided by European powers without consideration of the political and historic connections in the region. European powers presence in Southwest Asia established a long period of peace and improved relations with non-Muslim western nations.

Reasons for the formation of the modern state of Israel in 1948(Describe each) Jewish religious connection to the land Anti-Semitism Zionism Holocaust According to the Torah, God promised Israel to Abraham and the Jews Prejudice/hatred towards Jews in Europe in the 19th and 20th century made the Jews want to leave Nationalist movement to establish a homeland for the Jews in Palestine The United Nations felt bad for the Jewish suffering during the Holocaust and officially established the Jewish state of Israel

Why did so many countries in the United Nations feel it was right to create Israel in 1948? There was no one else living on the land Many felt the Jews deserved help due to their suffering in the Holocaust Many Arab countries supported the formation of country for the Jews Many national groups in the area were giving homelands at the time

Country South Africa Kenya Jomo Kenyatta Mau Mau Rebellion Nigeria What country controlled the nation prior to independence? What led to growing nationalism in the country? Who led the independence movement? How was independence achieved? South Africa Kenya Jomo Kenyatta Mau Mau Rebellion Nigeria Nationalist groups in the North and South Uprisings India Vietnam

The purpose of the Pan African Movements in Africa is to Create one African Government Create one African language Develop a unified political identity Develop a unified region

9/23/13 Warm Up Type of Document What do you see? What do you already know? Why is this document important? Vocabulary

United States presence in Southwest Asia (Middle East)   Persian Gulf War (Operation Desert Storm) Invasion of Afghanistan (Operation Enduring Freedom) Invasion of Iraq (Operation Iraqi Freedom) Year(s) Reason for U.S. Involvement Outcome 1990-1991 2001-2014 2003-2011 To capture people responsible for 9/11 (Al Qaeda and Osama Bin Laden) Taliban was letting them hide in Afghanistan Iraq invaded Kuwait The USA gets a large amount of oil from this region US claimed Saddam Hussein was making WMD’s and aiding Al Qaeda Iraq withdrew from Kuwait Saddam Hussein could not produce WMD’s Taliban collapsed US still there stabilizing country Bin Laden was killed Saddam Hussein captured and put to death Democracy established

What is the United States main economic interest in the Middle East? Oil Tourism Trade routes Selling American made products

United States presence in South and East Asia during the Cold War Japan Korea Vietnam Reason for U.S. involvement Outcome Prevent Japan from rebuilding their military Prevent communism from spreading to Japan Containment of communism North Korea invaded south Korea Domino Theory Established a constitutional monarchy US and Japan major trading partners Ends in stalemate NK-stays communist SK-stays democractic DMZ established at 38th parallel US withdraws Vietnam becomes communist

The Cultural Revolution Communist China Description Impact/Significance Mao Zedong Communist Leader of China Great Leap Forward Cultural Revolution The Great Leap Forward Economic Plan to make everyone work in communes of farms or factories Famine Failure The Cultural Revolution Red Guard took out people who spoke against communism. Banned western influence People Died: students, professors, etc. Tiananmen Square Students protested against communism Red Guard killed thousands: Massacre