International Agriculture AGED 4713 International Panel: Mexico Manuel Corro Fall 2001

Mexican History European influence from Spain 4 Prehispanic culture:  Aztec 4 Mayan 4 Zapotecan 4 Mixtecan 4 Totonacan 4 Olmecan

Geographic data 3 Area: 1972,550 sq. Km 3 32 States 3 1 Federal District Every State divided in “Municipios” (counties)

Population 98.5 million inhabitants 4 11 th most populated country in the world 4 Population density: 50 people per sq.kilometer 4 Range: 15 to p/sq km 4 Population growth rate: % Population living in urban areas 4 26% Population living in rural areas (24 millions) Source:

Facts about Mexican population 4 Official and business language: Spanish 4 Several Indigenous languages 4 Nahuatl, Mayan, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomie, Tarahumara, yaqui 4 Diverse Population: 4 60%, mestizo (Amerindian-Spanish) 4 30%, Amerindian or predominantly Amerindian 410 % full blood Indian 4 9% white 4 1% other

Economy F Mexico´s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) amounted to 915 billion dollars in 2000 GDP per capita $9,100

Grains harvested in 1999 Source:

Facts about Mexican Agriculture 4 85 % cropping on rainfed land & 15 % irrigated 4Rainfed land: 4 30 % good 4 53 % fair 4 17 % poor 4 Tractors 1.8/100 Ag. Labor 4 Combines 2/2000 Ag. Labor 4Annual Income/farmer ~$2000 Dollars

Livestock Production

Livestock Production, National consumption (Import and domestic) and world rank 1999

Meat Consumption 52 kg/year Per capita

The Education System in Mexico

Some data about Education in Mexico Y % literacy Y % Literacy Y 90 % 15 years old people finish elementary school Y 45 % 16 to 18 yr. people are in upper secondary Y 1.4 millions of teachers and professors Y 212 thousand education centers (all levels) Source:

The structure of Mexican Education F Preschool ( 3-5 years old) F Elementary 6 levels (6-11 yrs) F Lower Secondary 3 levels (12-14 yr.) F Upper Secondary or High school 3 levels (15-17 yr.) F Technological Upper Secondary or Technical Professional 3 levels F Universities, Technological Institutes, Teacher education Colleges 4 to 5 years ( years old) F Graduate Studies: Specialization, Master and Ph.D.. Source:

Enrollment in National Education System 28.5 millions of students Source:

International trade

Agricultural Trade 1999

Agricultural Trade and NAFTA FMexico FThird largest foreign importer from U.S –After Japan and Canada FSecond largest foreign supplier of Ag. Products to U.S. –After Canada FTotal US Ag. exports to Mexico : F10 % meat and meat products F17 % seed F22 % live animals F22 % dairy products F43 % sorghum

Agricultural Trade and NAFTA FOver a third of U.S Ag. Imports came from Mexico: –20 % of coffee –36 % live animals –10 % fruit juice –50 % Melons FU.S. Is the main market for Mexican Ag Exports: –95 % Horticultural products –75 % Coffee –50 % Live animals –98 % Beer –56 % Sugar –80 % Tequila

Mexico -United States relationship F "Our relationship with Mexico is an incredibly important relationship." "It's one where there's a lot of opportunity.” George W. Bush (Sept. 5, 2001)

Any Questions