World War One The Homefront and the War Effort CHC2D8 Ms. Gluskin

CHALLENGES Day 1 – Did the government rise to the challenge of preparing for war? Will Patrick Chan rise to the challenge of winning the gold medal in figure skating?

Problems and Solutions Now we know about the battles going on in Europe. What was the government doing back home in Canada to organize the war effort, get Canada ready (prepared) for war? – What problems would the government face? – What solutions would they come up with? Causes and consequences

Getting Soldiers to Volunteer

Communicate Through Propaganda Canadian War Museum, Canadian Wartime Propaganda, N.d., (Feb. 11, 2014). Why is this a successful poster / billboard? poster

Vocabulary (36-37) homefront (noun) = what is happening at home during the war – The homefront was just as important to the war as the battles in Europe. front (noun) = a place where battles are fought – In Europe there was a western front (Belgium, France), an eastern front (with Russia), and a homefront. challenge (noun) = a problem that has to be solved – It is a challenge to take Canadian history when you are so new to Canada. The course is challenging (adjective). training (noun) = getting people ready for something – Olympic athletes do their training for many years before they become gold medalists. They are well trained (adjective).

Vocabulary, con’t recruits (noun) = volunteers for the war – Many new recruits were needed as soldiers died in battles in Europe. The government had to recruit (verb) men who were willing to fight. enlist (verb) = to volunteer for something – At the beginning of the war more soldiers enlisted than at the end. All of the soldiers were enlisted (adjective) men. income tax (noun) = a % of people’s income that goes to the government – Canadians pay income tax so that the government can use that money to pay for services such as health care for the people of Canada.

Vocabulary, con’t Victory Bonds (noun) = money loaned to the government to help pay for the war effort – The government used advertising to make Canadians want to buy Victory Bonds during the war. loan (noun) = money given to someone that will be repaid with interest – A bank will give people a loan if they want to buy a new car, however, they will have to pay it back with interest. propaganda (see page 41) (noun) = spreading carefully selected information, rumours and ideas – During the war the government used propaganda posters to get Canadians to support the war.

Propaganda Techniques Propaganda posters are designed to deliver a specific message to a specific audience. Some techniques (strategies) used to create propaganda posters include: – colour and symbols (e.g., red might symbolize blood) – appeal to emotions (e.g., fear, sense of adventure, sense of duty) – images that are important to an audience (e.g., commitment to family, church, or country) – bold (very strong) slogans (little phrases that are easy to remember)

As a result, you may see some of the following ideas and images in World War I propaganda posters: – emotional images – threats to family, church, or country – the Union Jack (Britain’s flag) – symbols of France, such as a soldier in French uniform

En-words Enjoy (to enter into joy) Enlist – To volunteer to join the army (to enter the list of citizens in the army)

Three Challenges Page Fill in the left-hand column. – What is the challenge? Describe it briefly Training example: – Disorganized – missing equipment – Equipment that didn’t work – Short (3 months)

Report Card Comments A comment is your opinion of why or why not the Canadian government did a good job in preparing for the war. – Bad comment: The government did a good job. – Good comment: I gave the government an A because it prepared Canadians for war by …

CONSCRIPTION Day 2

Vocabulary 42-43, conscription = force people to go to war (see page 42) reluctant = not sure about doing something language barrier excused = not required to do something pacifism = a belief that it is wrong to go to war

Conscription Crisis Is it ever right to force citizens to go to war?

Historical Perspectives Perspectives = views, ways of seeing things Not everyone in Canada had the same view on conscription. – Some thought it was a good idea – Some thought it was a bad idea

Canadian War Museum, Canadian Wartime Propaganda, First World War, N.d., (Feb. 14, 2014).

Journal Entry #2 Explain how different people in Canada had different views/opinions on conscription. – Given these different views, do you think the government was right to introduce conscription? Answer both questions. Length: ½ to ¾ page, double spaced.