 Identify the major categories of primate taxonomy and the position of Homo sapien in that taxonomy.  Identify major features of primates  Identify separations between primates OBJECTIVES

PRIMATOLOGY

1 st - gain basic knowledge of the workings of the categories of primates 2 nd – Comparison of the hominidea line to others in the same superfamily 3 rd - The origin of primates to make an informed judgment on the appropriate climate in which primates live. 4 th - the adaptability of the genus Homo compared to other primates. STATION SUMMARY

KingdomAnimalia PhylaChordata ClassMammalia Order Family Genus Species HUMAN CLASSIFICATION

 190 species of non-human primates Name a few… PRIMATES AS MAMMALS

Olive baboon Grey-shanked dous langur (Viernam) Mijukuu

 Vertebrate class- Mammalia  What do we know belongs to this vertebrate class?  Subgroup of placental mammals PRIMATES BELONG TO…

Living non-human primates  Warm  Tropical climates ** humans are the only species to live outside this climate** GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION

 Fur  Long gestation followed by live birth  Constant body temperature  Increased brain size  Capacity for learning and behavioral flexibility  Erect posture CHARACTERISTICS

 Prehensile  5 digits  Opposable thumb  Partially opposable great toe  Tactile pads with sensory nerve fibers at the end of digits (fingerprints) HANDS AND FEET

 Color vision  Depth perception  Eyes in front of head  Decreased reliance on the sense of smell  Expanded brain-size and increases brain complexity SENSES AND THE BRAIN

 Longer periods of gestation  Fewer offspring  Delayed maturation  Extension of the entire lifespan (post human fertility) PRIMATE MATURATION

 Greater dependence on the flexible, learned behavior  Tend to live in social groups (Japanese Snow Monkeys) LEARNING BEHAVIOR

 Tropical areas  Living in forests of woodlands HABITATS Pan

 Omnivorous  Generalized dentition (different teeth for different functions) DIET AND TEETH

 Quadrupedal (except homo sapiens) LOCOMOTION

 Most primitive of the primates  Characteristics  Reliance on olfaction  Laterally placed eyes  Shorter gestation and maturation periods  Dental comb PROSIMIANS

 Includes monkeys, apes and humans  Larger brains and body size  Reduces reliance on smell  Better color vision  Bony plate at the back of eye socket  Longer gestation and maturation periods  Fused mandable ANTHROPOIDS

 Represent about 70% of all primate species  New world  Old world MONKEYS

 Almost exclusively arboreal  Found in southern Mexico, Central and South America  Prince Bernhard’s titi, Squirrel Monkeys, white face capuchin  Tails that can hold NEW WORLD

 Habitats include  Tropical forest, desert, snow-covered areas in Japan and China  Characteristics  Most quadrupedal and arboreal  All belong to the cercopithecidae family  Divided into subfamilies OLD WORLD

 Identify the process of Natural Selection as noted by Darwin.  Identify the 3 main ideas in Darwin’s theory of evolution. OBJECTIVES

 DARWINISM