Last Class… Types of Psychological disorders
Types of Psychological Disorders Diagnosed during childhood Cognitive disorders Substance-related disorders Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders Mood disorders Anxiety Disorders
Types of Psychological Disorders Somatoform disorders Dissociative Disorders Sexual and Gender-identity disorders Eating disorders Sleep disorders Impulse control disorders
Anxiety Disorders Main idea: Anxiety Disorders are marked by excessive fear, caution, and attempts to avoid anxiety. According to the DSM-IV an anxiety disorder “includes disorders characterized by signs of anxiety, such as panic disorders and phobias.”
What is Anxiety? Defined as: a vague, generalized apprehension or feeling that one is in danger What is normal or not? Affects 19 million Americans annually
Generalized Anxiety Disorder A feeling that one is in danger Potentially blossom into full-fledged panic attacks, which may include choking sensations, chest pains, dizziness, trembling and hot flashes. Reaction to vague or imagined dangers Continuous experience They may become so pre-occupied with their own internal problems that they neglect social relationships
The Physical Symptoms Muscular tension Inability to relax Furrowed brow and strained face Poor appetite, indigestion, frequent urination Difficulty sleeping, tired
Why do people have anxiety? Inherited Environmental factors Usually occurs after a major life change
Phobic Disorder Phobia: an intense and irrational fear of a particular object or situation Anxiety focused on a particular object
Examples of Phobias Acrophobia: fear of itching or the insects that cause itching Acrophobia: fear of heights Agoraphobia: fear of open spaces Autophobia: fear of being alone Atelophobia: fear of imperfection Catagelophobia: fear of being ridiculed Felinophobia: fear of cats Heliophobia: fear of the sun Hemophobia: fear of blood Logizomechanophobia: fear of computers Verminopobia: fear of germs
Panic disorder An extreme anxiety that manifests itself in the form of panic attacks Panic is a feeling of sudden, helpless terror, such as overwhelming fright one might experience when cornered by a predator Some symptoms differ between individuals
Symptoms Sense of smothering, choking, or difficulty breathing Faintness or dizziness Nausea Chest pains Can last for an hour or more, but usually just a few minutes
Last Class… Anxiety Disorders Generalized Anxiety Disorder Phobic Disorders Panic Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder A person suffering from acute anxiety may think the same thoughts over and over Obsession: uncontrollable pattern of thoughts Compulsions: repeatedly perform coping behaviours Both together = Obsessive- Compulsive disorder
OCD- Video
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder A person has experienced a traumatic event feels severe and long-lasting aftereffects Common among veterans of military combat, survivors of acts of terrorism, natural disasters such as floods or tornadoes, other catastrophes such as plane crashes, and human aggression such as rape or assault The event overwhelms a person’s sense of reality and ability to cope May begin immediately after the event or develop later
Symptoms Flashbacks Recurring nightmares Long-lasting