Symbiosis and coevolution in insect- microbe communities Nicole Gerardo Emory University, Department of Biology Nancy Lowe, Ben Parker.

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Symbiosis and coevolution in insect- microbe communities Nicole Gerardo Emory University, Department of Biology Nancy Lowe, Ben Parker

(Kolenbrander et al. Micro and Molec Biol Rev 2002)

Beneficial microbes protect their aphid hosts from pathogens and parasites Dr. Nicole Gerardo Emory University, Department of Biology Nancy Lowe, Ben Parker

aphids pathogen parasite

pathogen parasite

aphids pathogen parasite bacteria and viruses fungi parasitoid wasps

aphids pathogen parasite image from A.E. Douglas Buchnera aphidicola primary symbiotic bacteria Symbiosis close, long-term interactions between biological species

aphids pathogen parasite Serratia symbiotica (SS) Hamiltonella defensa (HD) Regiella insecticola (RI) secondary symbiotic bacteria image from A.E. Douglas

Symbiont-conferred protection

SSHD SS HD

Oliver et al. (2003, PNAS) – Harboring either Serratia symbiotica (SS) or Hamiltonella defensa (HD) increases an aphid’s survival after parasitoid wasp attack. Symbiont-conferred protection RI HD SS no secondary Serratia Hamiltonella Regiella

Oliver et al. (2003, PNAS) – Harboring either Serratia symbiotica (SS) or Hamiltonella defensa (HD) increases an aphid’s survival after parasitoid wasp attack. Symbiont-conferred protection RI HD SS no secondary Serratia (SS) Hamiltonella (HD) Regiella (RI) SS HDRI

Oliver et al. (2003, PNAS) – Harboring either Serratia symbiotica (SS) or Hamiltonella defensa (HD) increases an aphid’s survival after parasitoid wasp attack. Scarborough et al. (2005, Science) – Harboring Regiella insecticola (RI) protects aphids from Pandora neoaphidis, a fungal pathogen. Symbiont-conferred protection

Oliver et al. (2003, PNAS) – Harboring either Serratia symbiotica (SS) or Hamiltonella defensa (HD) increases an aphid’s survival after parasitoid wasp attack. Scarborough et al. (2005, Science) – Harboring Regiella insecticola (RI) protects aphids from Pandora neoaphidis, a fungal pathogen. Gerardo & Moran (in prep) Symbiont-conferred protection Harboring either Serratia symbiotica (SS) or Hamiltonella defensa (HD) increases an aphid’s survival slightly after being fed a bacterial pathogen. survival of symbiotic aphids relative to asymbiotic aphids SSHDRI

aphids image from A.E. Douglas