 Explain the incidents that occurred in England during the time of Absolutism (Refer to the video)  2 to 3 paragraphs Bell Ringer

Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism

 Phillip II – son of Charles V  Shy, serious, and a devout Catholic  - Inherits Spain, Spanish Netherlands, American colonies. Spain’s powerful empire

 Portuguese king dies without an heir.  Philip seizes the Portuguese kingdom.  - obtains strongholds in Africa, India, and the East Indies. Philip II’s Empire

 1600 – obtained gold from American mines  - estimated 339, 000 pounds of gold  Between :  - 16,000 tons of silver  Mankind video  Wealth was able to hold a large standing army of 50,o00 Empire circled the globe

 Religious wars = Reformation  Philip II:  - Defend against Muslims of the Ottoman empire.  - Defend against the Protestants of Europe.  1571 – Pope called to arms against the Ottoman empire. Defender of Catholicism

 250 Spanish ships defeated a large Ottoman fleet near Lepanto.  1588 – Spanish Armada attempted to punish England but was defeated.  By who???  Elizabeth I Defender of Catholicism

 Wrote “Don Quixote de la Mancha” in  A Nobleman goes a little crazy and mistakes windmills for dragons and hunts them in a suit of armor.  Considered the birth of modern European novels (considered part of the Enlightenment era) Miguel de Cervates

 Inflation and taxes:  - People’s demand for product went up  - flood of silver dropped the value  Expulsion of Muslims and Jews:  - Lost many artisans and business people  - Tax burden fell on lower classes Issues in the Spanish Empire

 Spain bought much of what they needed from France, England, and the Netherlands.  - All enemies of Spain  Finance wars from borrowing  - Italian and German bankers  Philip had to declare State bankruptcy three times. Issues in the Spanish Empire

 Philip raised taxes to smash protestants in the Netherlands.  1566 – angry protestants swept through Catholic churches.  1568 – 1,500 protestants and suspects were executed.  William of Orange – wanted to free Netherlands from Spanish rule.  Motives: Political not religious The Dutch Revolt

 William lost battle after battle.  city of Leiden was under siege.  - Dutch opened flood gates on Spanish.  1579 – 7 northern provinces of the Netherlands were largely protestant – United Provinces of the Netherlands  10 southern provinces remained under Spanish rule. (modern day Belgium) The Dutch Revolt

 Ch. 4 Section 3 and 4 guided reading Homework