Mardiati Zain,J. Rahman, Khasrad Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, Padang - Indonesia Effect Sacharomyces cerevisiae and Sapindus rarak supplementation in diet based of Oil Palm Frond (OPF) on nutrient digestibility and daily weight gain of Goat

Introduction OPF has the potential to be used as a source of fiber feed or as a component of a complete ration for ruminants but it is contain low protein and high fiber content. To overcome these problems, a strategy to maximize the utilization of it in the rumen is required; i.e by providing an optimum condition for microbe growth. Ruminant nutrition depends on a fermentative digestive system involving a complex mix of microorganisms

Priorities in Ruminant Nutrition in this researh Balance the nutrition of the rumen microbes to ensure maximum growth Supplement with direct fed microbial (DFM) Suplement with defaunating agent

DIRECT FEED MICROBIAL Viable microbes used as dietary supplements having potential for improving health or nutrition of the host upon ingestion

DFM for ruminant Bacteria Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, Enterococci streptococci Yeast Sacharomyces cerevisiae Aspergillus oryzae During recent years have been used to improve the nutritive value and utilization efficiency of low-quality roughages.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Effects : stability of the rumen environment fermentation VFA production lactate production utilization of ammonia microbial protein synthesis

Protozoa would predation and digestion of bacteria when fed low- quality. Sapindus rarak fruit pericarp extract used to reduce the number of rumen protozoa because its contain high saponin that have a potency to suppress growth of the protozoa and increasing the rumen bacteria and change fermentation patterns in the rumen system DEAFUNATING AGENT

This study was designed to investigate the effect of direct addition of Sacharomyces cerevisiae and Sapindus rarak of feed based on OPF in Goat diet on nutrient digestibility and live weight gain.

Six teen male Ettawa Goat ( kg (SEM) liveweight) were allocated to four treatments in a randomised block design, with four replicates per treatment. The four treatments were (A). native grass + concentrate (B). OPF(previously treated with 3% urea) + concentrate, (C). Diet B + 1% S.cerevisae and (D). Diet C + 0.4% sapindus rarak. MATERIAL AND METHOD

 The animals were adjusted to their treatments over a 2 week preliminary period which was followed by an 8 weeks experimental period.  Feed intake was determined daily and liveweight was measured once each week.  Digestibility was measured by total faecal collection over 5 consecutive days on during last week of the experimental period.  Data were analysed using the General Linear Model procedure in Statistical Analysis Software (SAS, version).

Live Sacharomyces cerevisiae cells srtain Meyen ex Hansen (Collection of Biotechnology Laboratory of Gajah Mada University, Jokyakarta Indonesia) were used as a DFM, and contained 4 x 10 9 live organisms/g, plus the carrier (medium) on which it was grown. The Sapindus rarak fruits were dried in an oven at 60°C until they consisted of 90% dry matter. After drying, the whole fruits (including seed) were ground immediately.

Ingredient composition and nutrition of experimental diet ItemDiet ABCD OPF Grass50--- Rice brand28 corn10 Coconute cake11 Salt0.5 Mineral0.5 Total100 Suplementation S. cerevisiae--11 Sapindus rarak--0.4 Nutrition (%) Protein TDN Lemak BETN NDF43,1446,75 ADF35,2437,55

Feed and fecal were ground to pass through a 1-mm screen and composited. Dry matter, organic matter and nitrogen were analyzed by standard methods (AOAC, 1990). Neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acids detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose were determined by procedures outlined by Gorieng and Van Soest (1970).

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Nutrient Digestibility of experimental diets Value with columns without common letters (a,b,c) differ (P< 0.01) A = grass and concentrate B = OPF ammoniated + concentrate C = B supplemented with 1% S.ceresiviae D = C supplemented with 0.4% Sapindus rarak ItemTreatment ABCD Dry matter digestibility (%) a c b a Organic matter digestibility (%) a c b b NDF digestibility (%) a c b a ADF digestibility (%) a c b a

Feed intake and live weight gain of cattle with experimental diet ItemTreatment ABCD Dry matter intake (g/d) 993 a 734 b 828 ab 906 a Organic matter intake (g/d) 735 a 556 b 679 ab 720 a Live weight gain (g/d) 132 a 80 b 108 c 123 a Value with columns without common letters (a,b,c) differ (P< 0.01) A = grass and concentrate B = OPF ammoniated + concentrate C = B supplemented with 1% S.ceresiviae D = C supplemented with 0.4% Sapindus rarak

According to the results of this experiment, Oil palm fronds can be used to replace the field grass in formulation of complete feed for Goat if supplemented with 1% Sacharomyces cerevisiae and 0.4% Sapindus rarak. CONCLUSION

This work was supported by National Strategic Research Grant by Directorat General Higher Education, Department of National Education Republic of Indonesia contract no. 06/UN.16/PL- SN/2013. The study would not have been possible without the cooperation of technical assistance of Laboratory Ruminant Nutrition of Animal Science Faculty of Andalas University AKNOWLEGNMENTS