IB Student Picnic Tuesday, September 1, 5-8 pm Illini Grove Pavilion (corner of Lincoln and Pennsylvania Ave.) Meet FacultyFree FoodFree T- shirt Find out what SIB is all about and meet other IB majors!! **Rain Location: 3 rd floor Levis** (912 W Illinois)

Illini Grove Pavilion (if rain, 3 rd floor Levis) 5-8 pm Food served 5:00 to 7:30 pm Hamburgers, cheeseburgers, veggie burgers Ranch beans, potato salad, watermelon Cookies Pop and water RSVP to Debbie Lanter, or

Lecture Assignment: Chapter 4: Climate Variation in the Physical Environment

Lab Assignments DUE at beginning of lab Homework 3: Chi-square; read MSLS 40 first Read before lab Lab 2: Arthropod Abundance + Biomass Lab Emphasis on Scientific Inquiry (pg. 7-8) Student-Driven-Project 1 (pg ) Print, read, bring article about SDP1

OBJECTIVES What are large-scale distributions of plant life forms? What factors distinguish them? aquatic terrestrial What is the proximal cause of their distribution? How does climate differ among biomes? Whittaker’s scheme Walter’s climagrams Do biomes and plant form and function converge in regions with similar climate?

ICA 1: Aquatic Habitats ICA 2: Aquatic-Terrestrial Interface

Tropical rain forest Tropical seasonal (deciduous) forest / savanna Subtropical desert Woodland/shrubland Temperate rain forest Temperate seasonal (deciduous) forest Temperate grassland Boreal forest (taiga) Tundra *** Review of major biomes …

Biome: a major type of terrestrial community categorized by its 1) dominant plant form, 2) seasonality of leaves, 3) leaf morphology, 4) latitude.

ICA Concept map *** What 4 variables distinguish biomes? Forbs/grasses ShrubsTrees Deserts - Temp/TropShrublands Forests Grasslands - Temp Tundra - Arctic Evergreen Deciduous Conifers Broadleaf Temp. Trop. Temperate Tropical

***What biomes do you see in the USA? Start and end in Alaska…

A B C D E F G H I *** Which biome is found at each indicated letter?

Climate is the major determinant of plant distributions. Secondary factors are soil, fire, grazing, topography.

Jim Dalling - SIB Soil nutrients + topography influence local distributions of tropical trees.

Whittaker’s scheme: biomes delineated by average temperature and precipitation.

Walter’s climate diagrams allow comparisons among localities. 20 mm monthly rain for each 10ºC in temp = enough water for growth (wherever precip line is above temp line) = enough water for growth growing season

***What is clue that this is a desert?

Climatic zones and biomes separated first on basis of 1) temperature, 2) precipitation and 3) its seasonality. Boreal + polar climate zones:average annual T=< 5C

Each climate zone has a typical seasonal pattern of temperature and precipitation. Which biome has a dry season? When is it?

***What type of biome would you expect to develop with each climate? Explain. A B

A.Which biome would occur in each climate? B.What is the limiting climatic factor(s) for each biome?

C. Where is each of those 3 biomes located in the Western (New World) and Eastern (Old World) hemisphere? Put letters on map.

*** Summarize in one sentence the main conclusion about biomes based on these figures and legends.

Localities worldwide with similar climate have the same biome.

Unrelated African and South American rainforest mammals show striking convergence. How is this concept related to previous slide about biomes?

ICA - Local-scale determinants of vegetation and its productivity