Albert Fischer and Eric Lindstrom CLIVAR SSG-18, 2-5 May 2011 OOPC report: Framework, indices, and the deep ocean

post-OO’09 Working Group Building a common vision for ocean observations Provision of routine and sustained global information on the marine environment sufficient to meet society’s needs for describing, understanding and forecasting marine variability (including physical, biogeochemical, ecosystems and living marine resources), weather, seasonal to decadal climate variability, climate change, sustainable management of living marine resources, and assessment of longer term trends

3 OceanObs’09: calls for action (1)Calls on all nations and governments to fully implement by 2015 the initial physical and carbon global ocean observing system originally envisioned at OceanObs’99, and refined at OceanObs'09. (2) Calls on all nations and governments to commit to the implementation and international coordination of systematic global biogeochemical and biological observations, guided by the outcomes of OceanObs’09, and taking into account regional variations in ecosystems.

4 OceanObs’09: calls for action (3) Invites governments and organizations to embrace a framework for planning and moving forward with an enhanced global sustained ocean observing system over the next decade, integrating new physical, biogeochemical, biological observations while sustaining present observations. Recommendations on this Framework, considering how to best take advantage of existing structures, will be developed by an post- Conference working group of limited duration. (4) Urges the ocean observing community to increase our efforts to achieve the needed level of timely data access, sensor readiness and standards, best practices, data management, uncertainty estimates, and integrated data set availability. (5) Asks governments, organizations, and the ocean observing community to increase their efforts in capacity-building and education.

5 Sponsorship IOC Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO GEO Group on Earth Observations CEOS Committee on Earth Observation Satellites POGO Partnership for Observation of the Global Oceans SCOR Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research SCAR Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research GCOS Global Climate Observing System GOOS Global Ocean Observing System JCOMM Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology PICES North Pacific Marine Science Organization ICES International Council for the Exploration of the Sea CoML Census of Marine Life IGBP International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme WCRP World Climate Research Programme

January 2011 Task Team Membership

April 2011 Input (Requirements) Output (Data & Products) Process (Observations) A Simple System

April 2011 Requirement What to Measure Essential Ocean Variables Issues Structure of the Framework Data Assembly Data Products Issues Impact Observations Argo VOS SatelliteConstellation SOOP IOOS Satellite … … … … … … … … … IMOS

April 2011 Framework Flow: Requirements

April 2011 Framework Flow: Observations

April 2011 Framework Flow: Data Products

April 2011 Framework: Societal Driver 2010 Weather & Climate UNFCCC/IPCC WCRP

April 2011 Regional Regional Seas CCAMLR Framework: Societal Drivers Next Decade Fisheries FAO RFMOs Ecosystem services/ Biology CBD CSD WSSD Real-time services Emergency support Ocean forecasting Assessments Global Marine (UN) TWAP (GEF) Regional Weather & Climate UNFCCC/IPCC WCRP Climate services Requirements Expanded EOVs Expanded observing systems and networks Data Products

April 2011 Readiness Levels Concept: Initial articulation of ideas, and appropriate feasibility studies. Increasing Readiness Levels Attributes: Peer review of ideas and studies at science, engineering, and data management community level. Pilot: Plans evolve from draft to projects and vetted in real-world implementation. Attributes: Planning, negotiating, testing, and approval within appropriate local, regional, global arenas. Mature: Requirements, systems, and data become elements of the sustained global ocean observing system. Attributes: Products of the global ocean observing system are well understood, documented, consistently available, and of societal benefit.

January 2011 Key Concepts of the Framework Articulated for global sustained ocean observing systems Designed for multidisciplinary approach Builds on existing structures and best practices Introduces “Essential Ocean Variables” as the common language Assesses “readiness” based on feasibility and impact – integrates developmental activity (R&D) into the framework Seeks to connect requirements setting process directly to scientific and society needs (with feedback from products) Systems approach better defines interfaces for all actors in the framework, promoting collaborative alignment of independent groups/communities/networks

4 April 2011, Exeter Aligning organizations to implement the Framework The team considered several approaches for governing the Framework –Characterized by Simplicity –Based on Functional Needs –Bring Stakeholders Together –Nominal Operating Costs Requires ongoing engagement of international sponsors and other bodies Recommends establishment of a Framework Steering Group: representatives of international sponsors of OO’09, including WCRP –ephemeral, not permanent –allow progress to more permanent governance structure

April 2011 Requirement What to Measure Essential Ocean Variables Issues Structure of the Framework Data Assembly Data Products Issues Impact Observations Argo VOS SatelliteConstellation SOOP IOOS Satellite … … … … … … … … … IMOS

OOPC Terms of Reference Develop recommendations for a sustained global ocean observing system, in support of WCRP, GOOS, and GCOS climate objectives, including recommendations for phased implementation Help develop a process for ongoing evaluation and evolution of the observing system and its recommendations Support global ocean observing activities by involved parties, through liaison and advocacy for the agreed observing plans 1 April 2011, OOPC-15

Decisions and Actions from OOPC January 2010, NOAA/AOML, Miami FL, USA Improve societal relevance of OOPC ocean climate indices –improve suite: indices for tropical cyclones (heat content, storm energy), think about deep ocean indices (high uncertainty from low obs.) –reverse presentation for impacts view Start with specific examples: SW Australia drought; South Florida rainfall; S. California; E. Africa seasonal rainfall – link to key ocean climate indices Encourage feedback: wiki format to allow input, blog with overview

Surface Ocean Indices

1 April 2011, OOPC-15

ioc-goos-oopc.org/wiki/

Deep Ocean Observing Strategy (Workshop 30 March – 1 April 2011) High Level Outline for Strategy built on FOO Rationale and science drivers (Climate, Carbon Chemistry, Biodiversity/Ecosystems) The Essential Ocean Variables for the deep ocean Strategy for developing/improving recommendations Strategy for observing: existing, scalable, and potential observing networks and programs; addressing readiness Strategy for data management and policy Strategy to develop information to answer the questions (rationale and science drivers) Priorities [phased implementation] Strategy for integration and development (roll-out of strategy)

Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Executive committee responsible for monitoring progress Eric Lindstrom (OOPC/FOO) Bob Molinari (WCRP/CLIVAR) Albert Fischer (OOPC) Kathy Tedesco (IOCCP) Bill Westermeyer (GCOS) Myriam Sibuet (post-CoML) Initial Core writing [bold: co-leads] climate [could have sub-organization] Greg Johnson Stephen Riser Bernadette Sloyan Brian King Patrick Heimbach Detlef Stammer sea level: ? circulation: ? [include tracers] carbon/biogeochemistry Rik Wanninkhof Toste Tanhua biogeochemistry, and interface with ecology/biodiversity [US: OCB] carbon capture/storage, sedimentary flows [Peter Haugen] biodiversity and ecosystems contacts developed from Myriam Sibuet Reggie Beach (NOAA ocean exploration)