Lab 1 - Motion Description Concepts and Terminology – pp 28-40 of Hall text Objectives: Define and provide examples of linear, angular, & general forms of motion Identify & describe reference positions, planes, and axes associated with the human body Define & appropriately use directional terms & joint movement terminology
Forms of motion (p 28-30) Linear motion can be either straightline (rectilinear) or curvilinear. The entire object moves from one place to another, or translates Examples: Rectilinear -path of a dropped ball (not shown) Curvilinear - path of thrown ball, path of enter of mass of body while in the air
Rotary, or angular, movement can take place around an axis running through a joint (A), through the center of mass (B), or about an external axis (C). All human body segmental movements are rotary. Ex: all body segmental movements, rotation of thrown ball.
General, or combination motion is both linear and rotary General, or combination motion is both linear and rotary. Ex: movement of football. Path is curvilinear, but ball also rotates about its center of mass, which is rotary.
Standard Reference Terminology Review the meaning of the following terms on page 30 of Hall text Superior Inferior Anterior Posterior Medial Lateral Proximal Distal Superficial Deep
Movement Description All human body movements are rotary. All basic movements take place within one of three planes (sagital, frontal, or transverse) and around one of three axes running perpendicular to the plane (mediolateral, anterioposterior, or longitudinal)
The Three Movement Planes and Axes Planes (See Figure on next slide) Transverse (cutting across the segment), frontal (divides segment into front and back sections), and sagital (divides segment into left and right sections) Axes (See figure on next slide) mediolateral (side to side), anterio-posterior (front to back), longitudinal, and diagonal (or oblique)
There are Only Three General Types of Segmental Movements Flexion-extension (mediolateral axis, sagital plane) example: knee and hip while doing squats Abduction-adduction (anterio-post axis, frontal plane) example: raising arm to side of shoulder Rotation (longitudinal axis, transverse plane) example: turning head to side
Movements in Sagital Plane
Movements In Frontal Plane
Movements in Transverse plane
Flexion-extension – All occur in sagital plane
Abduction- Adduction – all Occur in frontal plane
Rotation: All occur in Transverse plane