Read “Pullman” on p Answer the following questions.  1.How did George Pullman become successful?  2.What were advantages to living in the town of Pullman?  3.What were the disadvantages to living in the town of Pullman?

The Rise of Industry

 How did industrialization and new technology affect the economy and society?

 revolution/videos#the-industrial-revolition revolution/videos#the-industrial-revolition

 U.S. industry grew rapidly after the Civil War.  After the war, industry rapidly expanded.  Millions of Americans left their farms to work in city factories.  By 1900 U.S. industry led the world.  U.S. industry grew rapidly after the Civil War.  After the war, industry rapidly expanded.  Millions of Americans left their farms to work in city factories.  By 1900 U.S. industry led the world.

 U.S. had an abundance of raw materials such as coal, iron, oil, water, copper and timber to fuel industry.  Oil produced petroleum and kerosene used for fuel.  U.S. had an abundance of raw materials such as coal, iron, oil, water, copper and timber to fuel industry.  Oil produced petroleum and kerosene used for fuel.

 Between 1860 and 1910 the U.S. population tripled.  Also created greater demand for goods and services.  Immigration also provided many new workers.  Between 1860 and 1910 the U.S. population tripled.  Also created greater demand for goods and services.  Immigration also provided many new workers.

 People were free to make a profit with little interference.  “laissez-faire”  Means let people do or hands off  Belief that government should not interfere in the affairs of business  Entrepreneurs  Businessmen who are willing to sacrifice to make a profit  People were free to make a profit with little interference.  “laissez-faire”  Means let people do or hands off  Belief that government should not interfere in the affairs of business  Entrepreneurs  Businessmen who are willing to sacrifice to make a profit

 Government supported the rise of industry and business through low taxes, free wages and business-friendly laws.  Tariff-tax on imports  Government supported the rise of industry and business through low taxes, free wages and business-friendly laws.  Tariff-tax on imports

 Americans could build more and build faster with new industrial inventions and transportation.

 Invented the telephone.  Made vocal communication instantaneous at great distances.  Invented the telephone.  Made vocal communication instantaneous at great distances.

Early Bell Telephone, 1870s iPhone, 2000s

 edison/videos#edisons-failed-inventions edison/videos#edisons-failed-inventions

 Made transportation more efficient and able to transport more goods.  Increased the productivity of businesses.  Refrigerated railroad car, power loom, power sewing machines, mass production.  Made transportation more efficient and able to transport more goods.  Increased the productivity of businesses.  Refrigerated railroad car, power loom, power sewing machines, mass production.

 Proposed railroad that would link the east and west coasts.  Completed by two companies  Union Pacific  Central Pacific  Began at opposite ends of the United States  Chinese laborers used  Proposed railroad that would link the east and west coasts.  Completed by two companies  Union Pacific  Central Pacific  Began at opposite ends of the United States  Chinese laborers used

Central Pacific Started from California Central Pacific Started from California

 Cheap way to make large quantities of steel

 Because of the railroad time schedule, the United States was divided into four major time zones to prevent rail disasters.  Every train would be on the same time.  Because of the railroad time schedule, the United States was divided into four major time zones to prevent rail disasters.  Every train would be on the same time.

 To encourage railroad construction, the government began granting land to railroad companies.  Companies would then sell land to settlers or other businesses to make money.  To encourage railroad construction, the government began granting land to railroad companies.  Companies would then sell land to settlers or other businesses to make money.

 Construction company that built railroads. Company overcharged railroad companies for work.  Railroad company almost went bankrupt and Credit Mobilier made tons of money.  Scandal led to an investigation that implicated high-ranking members of government.  Created the impression that all railroad businessmen were robber barons.  Construction company that built railroads. Company overcharged railroad companies for work.  Railroad company almost went bankrupt and Credit Mobilier made tons of money.  Scandal led to an investigation that implicated high-ranking members of government.  Created the impression that all railroad businessmen were robber barons.

 Farmers and ranchers complained about the high railroad rates and demanded government regulation

 Workbook p

 Analyzing Political Cartoons p. 240  WB p. 90

p. 220-Analyzing political cartoons #1-2

Farmers' movement

 What led to the rise of the Populist movement, and what effect did it have?

 Movement in the late 1800s to increase the political power of American farmers.  Lower prices for crops and higher prices for equipment hurt the farmers.

 Paper money issued by the government starting in the 1860s.  Supply of money increased and so did prices.

 Decline in the value of money.

 Rise in the value of money.  Government stopped printing greenbacks and silver coins.  Amount of money decreased, which led to a rise in prices.  Hurt small businesses, farmers.

 Farmers wanted the government to resume coining silver.  Increase money supply.

REMEMBER: Silver helps farmers

 First organization of farmers across the U.S. 1.5 million members in  Failed.

 New organization of farmers formed in  Traveled and spoke to farmers across the South and Great Plains.

 Formed in 1890 and began trying to elect people friendly to farmers.  Political arm of the Farmer ’ s Alliance.  Hurt the Democrat party.

 Government began coining silver but it did little good for farmers.  Government had stopped in “ Crime of ’ 73. ”

 People ’ s party nominee for President.

 Spelled out the Populist ’ s goals.

1. Unlimited coinage of silver. “ Vast conspiracy against mankind. ” 2. Federal ownership of railroads. 3. Graduated income tax. Wealthy pay more. 4. Strengthened the government to fight greedy businesses.

 Grover Cleveland won again.  Most industry workers stayed with the Democrats.  Weaver won four states.

Benjamin Harrison Grover Cleveland James Weaver

 Major economic depression.  Businesses, banks closed.  4.6 million unemployed.

 Believed American currency should be based on gold.

 Wanted unlimited coinage of silver.  Would solve nation ’ s problems.

 Democratic candidate for President. Supported many Populist ideas.  Populists backed Bryan for President. Identified Populist cause as a “ Holy cause. ”  Traveled widely.

 Ran against Bryan.  Traveled little, won support of workers and business owners.

 McKinley won convincingly.  Depression ended shortly after, gold supplies increased and Populism declined.  Eventually many of their reforms were passed.

William McKinley William Jennings Bryan

 Based the U.S. currency on gold.  Silver issue faded.

 WB p

 WB p. 87  Prepare for the SATP

 Question is asked  Students write on white boards  Students stand up and put their heads together  Show answers and reach a consensus  Students sit down  Teacher selects a student number  Students with that number show their answers

Last Question

 Washington.

 The Gold Standard

 Short for “ounce.”

 Young and Naïve.  The American people.

 Northern factory worker. Becomes a machine without a heart.

 Uneducated midwestern farmer.  Needs a brain.

 William Jennings Bryan. Couldn’t win when it mattered most. Needed the nerve.

 Ordinary Americans. The little people.

 Dangers faced by factory workers.

 Dangers faced by farmers on the Plains. Drought, weather, etc.

 Power of silver coinage.

 Standardized Test Practice p. 227 #1-3