By Alexa Martin Computers 8

Carbohydrates Two types of carbs – Simple (Refined Sugars) – Complex (Starches) The result of some substances mixed with water Easy for body to make into food energy Found in: – White sugar – Pasta – Crackers – White rice

Fats Three major types of fat – Unsaturated (Fish & Plant foods) – Saturated (Meat & other Animal products: milk, cheese etc.) – Trans fat (Margarine, snack foods, baked goods & fried foods) Any of several white/yellow greasy substances Helps body grow & develop, fuels body, absorbs some vitamins & insulates the nervous system Should have about 30% daily calories in fat Found in – Nuts – Oils – Butter – Meats

Protein Amino Acids are proteins broken down into basic units 22 essential amino acids – Body can make 13 – Other 9 from eating protein rich foods Plant & animal tissue which supply important amino acids Builds up, maintains & replaces tissues in the body Should eat 0.5 grams of protein for every pound you weigh Found in : – Eggs – Poultry/Beef – Nuts – Fish – Dairy products

Fibre/Fiber Two types of Fibre –W–Water-soluble (water dissolves it, may lower cholesterol & stabilize blood sugar) –I–Insoluble (water cannot dissolve it, helps bowel movement) A part of plant/plant structures & are partially or fully indigestible Improves digestive health 80% of people don’t eat enough fibre One bowl Kelogg’s Bran Flakes has 4.5 g fibre – 18% of the GDA for an adult Found in: –C–Cereals –B–Bran –F–Fruits & Vegetables

Vitamins Many types of Vitamins: – Vitamin D (bones) – Vitamin A (eyesight – colour & night vision) – Vitamin C (healing cuts) – Vitamin B (protein & energy) Also: Fat-soluble vitamins (A,D,E&K) and Water-soluble vitamins (C&B Complex) Organic substances which help metabolism & other functions Some vitamins stay in body for up to 6 months Found in: – Milk – Carrots – Oranges – Leafy Green Vegetables

Minerals (dietary) Many types of Minerals: – Calcium, Chloride, Magnesium, Potassium, Sodium etc. Any inorganic element vital to function the human body, received through foods. Similar to vitamins, each vitamin has its own function (i.e. Calcium helps bones) Minerals don’t kick in fast as advertised by sport drinks Dangerous to have more than 100% recommended of a mineral Found in: – Dairy Products – Nuts, Soy Beans & Cocoa – Table Salt – Whole Grains, Legumes & bananas – Red meat, spinach & other leafy vegetables

Water Types of water: – Saltwater – Freshwater – Tap water – Bottled water/Filtered water A tasteless, transparent, odourless liquid vital to many living thing’s survival. The world is 75% water, 3% of which is drinkable The recommended amount to drink each day is 8 cups By the time a person feels thirsty their body has lost over 1 percent of its total water amount Found in: – Groundwater Aquifers – Rivers – Rain – Freshwater Lakes

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