Aerosols in WRF-CHEM Eric Stofferahn George Mason University 2013-09-07_07:00:00 (UTC)

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Presentation transcript:

Aerosols in WRF-CHEM Eric Stofferahn George Mason University _07:00:00 (UTC)

Part 1: Aerosols

What is an Aerosol? PM10 (10 µm) Small Particle (between a few nm and a few µm ) Composed of various chemical species (Sulfates, Nitrates, Sea Salt, Carbons, and more!)

Sources of Aerosol

Aerosol Effects Aerosols have several effects on climate Direct effect (Scattering and Absorption) Semi-Direct effect (Absorption -> Clouds) Indirect effects (Cloud Changes)

Aerosol Direct Effect

Aerosol Effects Aerosols have several effects on climate Direct effect (Scattering and Absorption) Semi-Direct effect (Absorption -> Clouds) Indirect effects (Cloud Changes) Equation Alert!!

Aerosol Semi-Direct Effect

Aerosol Effects Aerosols have several effects on climate Direct effect (Scattering and Absorption) Semi-Direct effect (Absorption -> Clouds) Indirect effects (Cloud Changes)

Homogeneous Nucleation

Kelvin Equation

Homogeneous Nucleation

Who will help? Aerosols!

Kohler Equations

Kohler Curves

Heterogeneous Nucleation Cloud Condensation Nuclei

Aerosol Effects Aerosols have several effects on climate Direct effect (Scattering and Absorption) Semi-Direct effect (Absorption -> Clouds) Indirect effects (Cloud Changes)

Aerosol Indirect Effects

Aerosol Effects

Part 2: WRF-CHEM

WRF Mesoscale Model  Limited Area (ICs and BCs)  Higher Resolution Dynamics Physics  Parameterizations

WRF

WRF-CHEM Coupling of Aerosol and Gas Chemistry to WRF Computationally Expensive! Choice of Aerosol modules including MOSAIC (bin) scheme

WRF-CHEM

Aerosol Life Cycle in WRF-CHEM

Coupling Key Term: Coupling Aerosol Properties ↔ Shortwave Radiation (Direct Effect) Aerosol Properties ↔ Cloud Microphysics ↔ TKE (Indirect Effects)

Part 3: WRF-CHEM Simulations

Appendix – Twomey Curve

Appendix – Ship Tracks

Numerical Model - WRF-CHEM WRF-CHEM is a mesoscale model that uses fully compressible nonhydrostatic equations The chemistry component contains a variety of modules for simulating aerosol direct, semi-direct and indirect effects and chemistry processes The aerosol scheme in use will be MOSAIC, which divides each species (sulfates, nitrates, sea salt, dust, black carbon, etc) into 8 size bins Lin microphysics includes water vapor, cloud water, rain, cloud ice, snow and graupel hydrometeors Other parameterizations: Grell cumulus, NOAH land surface model, Monin-Obukhov surface layer physics, Goddard shortwave radiation and RRTM longwave radiation

Numerical Model - WRF-CHEM Initialize Aerosol Fields with MOZART-4 Reanalysis Data 2.5 x 2.5 degrees, 28 vertical levels, updated every 6 hours