Political Interest Groups --Why Interest Groups Form/Challenges to Formation --The Interest Group Environment --Functions of Interest Groups --How Interest.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
13 Groups and Interests.
Advertisements

Interest Groups. Background  Groups have a significant impact on policy  Single-issue politics  Interest groups  Organized membership  Pursuit of.
Interest Groups in American Politics  An organized group of people with shared goals and a desire to influence government action  Some groups have explicitly.
Interest Groups Chapter 16.
Warm-up: Dec. 19 Take out packet from yesterday and read section: V.) Affirmative Action After reading: judge which of the following pieces of information.
Interest Groups.
Interest Groups and Lobbying Special interests and public interests.
 Interest Groups. Introduction  What is an interest group?  People who share common goals and organize to influence government  Interest groups focus.
Interest Groups as Linkage Institutions. Interest Groups as Factions Madison (Federalist 10) – his description of factions defines the interest groups.
Who Participates? (in general) High SES  education  income  employment Strong political skills (efficacy)  Instrumental participation  Expressive.
Interest Groups: Where Do They Come From?
Journal: Discuss with a partner What type of “groups” do you belong to? – Think…clubs, sports, band, charity organizations, etc… Why did you join these.
Warm-up: What does this cartoon suggest about lobbying?
Homework: PP and IGs test on Friday FrontPage: OL on your desk. Describe two ways that interest groups can influence public policy.
ISSUES Contributions: From what sources does money come? Where does it go? Should amounts be controlled? Expenditures: What can different “players” in.
INTEREST GROUPS. Learning Objectives 12. Identify the different incentives that motivate people to join interest groups. 13. Compare types of interest.
Campaign Finance. Why is money necessary to political campaigns? Why is money in campaigns problematic for representative democracy? Can we restrict money.
Financing Campaigns. Running for office is very expensive; for example, presidential candidates spend about 1 billion dollars each in the 2012 election.
Introducing Government Chapter 1 Young People and Politics  Young people have a low sense of political efficacy—the belief that political participation.
Introducing Government Chapter 1  Young people have a low sense of political efficacy—the belief that political participation matters and can make a.
Interest Groups Chapter 11. The Role and Reputation of Interest Groups Defining Interest Groups – An organization of people with shared interests; they.
Interest Groups. The Role and Reputation of Interest Groups Interest groups may pursue any kind of policy, in all levels and branches of government. They.
I. Introduction A. Definition 1. An organization that shares policy views and attempt to influence public policy 2. They operate at every level of government.
Chapter 10: Interest Groups Daily Dilemma: Who is going to win the presidential election? Talk to the person sitting next to you.
Begin $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 PrimariesInterestGroupsConstitutionalClauses Political Beliefs RandomImportantCourtCases.
TOPIC 2 POLITICAL BEHAVIOR. PARTY SYSTEMS One-party systems are usually found in nations with authoritarian governments. Minor parties exist in two-party.
Interest Groups Chapter 11. The Role and Reputation of Interest Groups Defining Interest Groups o Organization of people with shared policy goals entering.
Interest Groups. The Role and Reputation of Interest Groups ► Defining Interest Groups  An organization of people with shared policy goals entering the.
10 Interest Groups.  “Americans of all ages, all conditions, and all dispositions constantly form associations.” - Alexis de Tocqueville  Americans.
Special Interest Groups;
Chapter Ten Interest Groups. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved Interest Groups in America An interest group is “an organized.
13 Groups and Interests. The Pull and Push of Groups and Interests There is a “pull” and a “push” organizing political activity in the United States –There.
13 Groups and Interests. The Pull and Push of Groups and Interests There is a “pull” and a “push” organizing political activity in the United States –There.
Interest Groups Vocabulary Mr. Vasquez AP U.S. Government and Politics.
Interest Groups. The Role of Interest Groups Where do you stand on gun control? What about school prayer? Abortion? How would you increase your chances.
Chapter 9. The Interest-Group System Economic groups Business groups Labor groups Farm groups Professional groups © 2015, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights.
Chapter 16 Interest Groups. What are Interest Groups? An organized group that tries to influence public policy Are another linkage institution – just.
527s, PACs, and Super PACs Or, “How the billionaires are taking full control of our government”
Interest Groups Chapter 12. Interest Groups The American System is one where groups organize around every conceivable issue Single Issue Politics - The.
Homework: RQs due tomorrow; test Friday FrontPage: NNIGN.
CHAPTER 11 INTEREST GROUPS.  There has been a rise of interest groups recently  Today there are more than 20,000 of these private organizations in Washington.
Chapter 6 INTEREST GROUPS. Learning Objectives 1) Explain what an interest group is, why interest groups form, and how interest groups function in American.
Campaign Financing. Major Issues How much can candidates raise How much can donors contribute How does the government influence campaign spending How.
Chapter 10: Interest Groups. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.10 | 2 Interest Groups in America Interest group: an organized.
Ch : 9 Interest Groups. ANSWER: C 1. What is the main purpose of a political action committee?  A: education interest groups  B: writing and passing.
Chapter 6 Interest Groups. Interest Groups defined An interest group is a collection of people who share some common interest or attitude and seek to.
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman.
Interest Groups Linkage Institutions. Interest Groups  Organized group of individuals seeking to influence the government and policies *they operate.
Homework: Assignment 10 for tomorrow ( ); test Friday Consider: What do you think of when you hear the word, “lobbyist”?
Interest Groups and the Political Process Post-Citizens United
Chapter 6 Interest Groups
Have they bought the American government?
Interest Groups Chapter 16.
11/14 How are the following most likely to vote? Crosscutting -
Interest Groups.
Interest Groups and the Political Process Post-Citizens United
Introducing Government
Introducing Government
3-7: Lobbying and Political Action Committees
Interest Groups: Good Outcomes with Few Resources
Interest groups Chapter 10.
Campaign Financing.
Chapter 6 – Interest Groups
Interest Groups.
Campaign finance.
Introducing Government
Discussion What are special interest groups?
Interest Groups Linkage Institutions.
Interest Groups, Lobbying and PACS
Interest Groups and Campaign Finance
Presentation transcript:

Political Interest Groups --Why Interest Groups Form/Challenges to Formation --The Interest Group Environment --Functions of Interest Groups --How Interest Groups Influence Public Policy 1

Political Interest Groups— Formation I. Definition: A. an organized group of people that seeks to advance its interest through government II. Why Political Interest Groups Form A. Theories of Interest Group Formation 1. Pluralism: (Madison) groups form naturally, all are representedMadison a. critique: empowering the powerful?empowering the powerful 2. Disturbance Theory: groups form in response to changes to the status quo that create threats or opportunities: LPS examplethreatsLPS example 3. Entrepreneurs: interested parties form groups as a “going concern” B. Challenges to Interest Group Formation— “Collective Goods” and “Free Riders.” Definition of a collective good: 1. Distribution of the good is nonexclusive 2. Provision of the good is not affected by individual effort 3. Therefore, joining the interest group is irrational (Costs > Benefits) a. RESULT = “The Free Rider Problem” (The Little Red Hen Problem!) 2

Political Interest Groups-- Formation C. Ways Around the “Free Rider Problem”: 1. Recruit Members with Selective Goods. 3 types: a. Material: palpable, valuable things i. discounts, insurance, etc. b. Solidary: social interactions ii. Meetings, leadership positions, etc. c. Expressive: expressing a position iii. It just makes you “feel good”! 2. Solicit a Sponsor/Subsidy a. Wealthy citizens b. Non-profit foundations c. Corporations d. Government Agencies e. Existing Interest Groups 3

Political Interest Groups-- Environment I. Significant Changes in the past 50 years A. The Power and Influence of Political Interest Groups—Money 1. PACs (Political Action Committees): the electioneering component of political interest groups a. number of PACs—major increase: 1974 = 608, 2009 = = 4600 b. spending by PACs—major increase: 1977/78 = $80 million, 2012 (CONSERVATIVE estimate) = about $1 Billion (including Super PACs)about $1 Billion i. many different types of PACs (business, labor, single-issue, etc.)different types of PACs c. Traditional PACs have $2500 limit per election on donations to candidates 2. Super PACs: a PAC that is allowed to raise and spend unlimited amounts of money from corporations, unions, individuals and associations. a. spending must be “independent”—usually advocate for/against issues or candidates (still version)usually advocate for/against issues or candidatesstill version b. results from Citizens United decision (2010) c. donors can be anonymous—501(c)(4) “social welfare” groups: “Dark money”501(c)(4) “social welfare” groups i. differences between PACs and Super PACsPACs and Super PACs d. RESULT: MUCH more money flows into the political processMUCH more money 4

Political Interest Groups— Functions I. Functions of Political Interest Groups A. Representation: groups views are taken to government B. Participation: mobilize members 1. “grassroots” lobbying vs. “astroturf” lobbying C. Education: educating different sectors about group’s initiatives 1. government, 2. group members, and 3. the public a. “climate control”climate control D. Agenda Building: demand government attention to group issues 1. Draft legislation E. Program Monitoring: Observe administration of laws affecting the group 1. Police patrol 2. Fire alarm 5

Political Interest Groups— Influencing Public Policy I. Influencing Government: Three Arenas of Power Legislative Branch Administrative (Bureaucracy) Judicial 1. Selection of Officeholders (“get your friends into power”) a. Legislative: through elections, using PACs and votes b. Administrative: through appointments c. Judicial: through appointment (influence “senatorial courtesy”) 2. Lobbying Officeholders (“get the government to do what you want them to do”): providing information a. Legislative—meet with MCs b. Administrative—testify at hearings c. Judicial—amicus curiae briefs II. Influencing the Public: facilitates lobbying the government A. “Climate Control”Climate Control 6