Unit III – Wellness through food – Proteins, cont. March 19, 2014 Warm up: In of the following list of foods, 4 foods contain very little to zero protein. Can you pick them out? Chicken eggs apples wheat products tofu hamburger nuts shrimp fish cheese celery pork lobster tomatoes bananas beans Objective: IWBAT describe the foods that provide protein. IWBAT explain how complementary proteins work.
Proteins
What are proteins? Proteins are chemical compounds that are found in every body cell They are make of small units called amino acids.
Why do you need proteins? Your body needs amino acids from proteins for: – Growth – Maintenance – Repair of tissues Proteins aid in the formation of: – Enzymes – Some hormones – Antibodies Proteins regulate body processes
Why do you need proteins? Proteins supply energy – You need to eat enough carbs and fats for your energy needs – Otherwise your body will use proteins for energy before using them to support growth and maintenance
Amino acids Scientists have found 20 amino acids that are important to the human body 9 out of the 20 are called essential amino acids; the other 11 are called nonessential amino acids The body cannot make some essential amino acids, but can make others…However, it cannot make them fast enough to meet nutritional needs Therefore it is essential that you get these essential amino acids from food
1. Functions of protein m71WRBD8 m71WRBD8
2. Types of Proteins: Complete vs. Incomplete bccQU bccQU
3. Complementary proteins hOQI hOQI
4. Too much protein? benefits-downsides-high-protein-diets benefits-downsides-high-protein-diets
5. Too little protein? Protein energy malnutrition dZXo dZXo __MU __MU
6. Vegetarians and protein xskQ xskQ
What are the types of proteins? There are 2 types of protein: 1)Complete proteins 2)Incomplete proteins
Complete proteins Complete proteins are found in animal foods and soybeans
Complete proteins – Complete proteins support growth and normal maintenance of body tissues – Complete proteins contain all 9 essential amino acids
Complete proteins Products made from soybeans include: – Tofu – Soymilk – Edamame Animal foods include: – Meats, seafood, and poultry – Eggs and dairy products like milk and cheese
Complete proteins The food pyramid tells us to “Go Lean with Protein” That means you should choose less fatty cuts of meat, such as – Cuts of beef with little visible fat (marbling) – Ground beef with less fat – Turkey and chicken – Fish and shellfish
Which one is lean beef?
Incomplete proteins Most plant foods have incomplete proteins Incomplete proteins are missing one or more of the essential amino acids They don’t support growth nor provide for normal body maintenance
Incomplete proteins Plant foods that supply small to moderate amounts of protein include: – Grains – Vegetables Plant foods high in protein include: – Dried beans – Peas – Nuts
Complementary proteins Incomplete proteins can complement one another In other words, you can supplement a protein food lacking an amino acid with a protein food containing that amino acid When combined, the two foods provide a higher quality protein than either would have provided alone For example: – Beans and rice – Peanut butter and wheat bread
What foods complement one another?
How much protein do you need? Several factors affect a person’s need for protein – Age – Body size – Quality of the proteins – Physical state Children need more protein per pound of body weight than adults because they are growing so rapidly A larger, heavier person needs more protein than a smaller, lighter person Pregnant women need more protein to support the growth of the baby An injured person needs more protein for the repair of body tissues
Not all proteins are created equal Choose the right ones! smart/nutrition-101/3-surprising-protein- sources-video / smart/nutrition-101/3-surprising-protein- sources-video /
Protein deficiencies If the diet does not contain enough protein and calories, a condition called protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) may result – Can lead to stunted growth and more infections in children – Common in undeveloped areas of the world
Excess protein in the diet Extra protein will be converted to fat in the diet Extra fat is stored in the fatty tissue of the body too-much-protein-as-bad-for-you-as- smoking/#sp=show-clips too-much-protein-as-bad-for-you-as- smoking/#sp=show-clips
Summary/Assessment What are proteins made of? What are the different kinds of protein? Where is protein found in the diet? How do you choose the right proteins? What are complementary proteins?
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