Section 16.4: The War Continues

President Lincoln know that the victory at Antietam had been important He issued a warning to the Confederate States –He said he would free all enslaved people in those states if the states did not return to the Union by January 1, 1863 The Southern states did not think he would do it To their surprise, on Jan 1 in 1863, President Lincoln wrote the Emancipation Proclamation declaring that all enslaved people in the seceded states were free

What Runaway Slaves Did By the end of the war, nearly 180,000 former enslaved people had enlisted in the army and fought against the Confederacy Twenty-Three (23) African soldiers won the Medal of Honor for bravery

Chancellorsville and Gettysburg General Joseph Hooker had intended to keep an army at Fredericksburg to keep General Lee busy while attacking Chancellorsville at the same time General Lee heard of the planned attack and left a small army at Fredericksburg and went to meet Hooker at Chancellorsville Lee’s and General Jackson’s soldiers easily defeated a much larger Union army During the battle at Chancellorsville, Stonewall Jackson was accidentally shot and wounded by his own men and died 8 days later

General Lee’s original plan had been to fight a defensive war Now, the war was not going well for the South in the western states Lee thought about sending soldiers to win back the West –He felt one major victory in the North would bring an end to the war

Lee decided to attack the North –He made his way into Pennsylvania with an army of about 65,000 well-trained soldiers General George G. Meade’s Union army in Pennsylvania numbered almost 85,000 The two armies prepared for battle near Gettysburg On July 1, 1863, Lee attacked Gettysburg –The battled continued for 3 days

Lee sent General George Pickett with 13,000 soldiers to charge the Union line –The line moved back, but it did not break –Slowly, Meade’s army forced the Confederates back The South lost the battle at Gettysburg, and Lee retreated to the Potomac River Gettysburg was the turning point of the war Four months after the Battle of Gettysburg, President Lincoln dedicated a national cemetery for those who died there –Speech was known as the Gettysburg Address

7.4 PowerPoint Questions 1.) The ___ declared that slaves were free in the states that had seceded. 2.) General ___ wanted to keep an army at Fredericksburg and attack Chancellorsville. 3.) General ___ was wounded at a battle fought at Chancellorsville. 4.) General ___ forced the Confederates back at Gettysburg. 5.) The Union army won a battle at ___. C.T.) Why do you think so many Africans were willing to fight in the Civil War?