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Chapter Menu Chapter Introduction Section 1:Section 1:The Opposing Sides Section 2:Section 2:The Early Stages Section 3:Section 3:Life During the War Section 4:Section 4:The Turning Point Section 5:Section 5:The War Ends Visual Summary

DFS Trans 4 ANSWER: Union troops

Section 4 The Road to Gettysburg Gettysburg was the bloodiest battle of the war and the last time the Confederates invaded the North.

Section 4 On November 7, 1862, Lincoln fired McClellan and gave command of the army to General Ambrose Burnside. −Lincoln later replaced Burnside with Joseph Hooker. The Road to Gettysburg (cont.) Lee’s forces repeatedly defeated the Union troops near Chancellorsville, Virginia, and Hooker decided to retreat.

Section 4 Lincoln then removed Hooker from command and replaced him with General George Meade. Lee’s army foraged in the Pennsylvania countryside—some of his troops headed into the town of Gettysburg to scout for the enemy. The Road to Gettysburg (cont.) The Battle of Gettysburg

Section 4 The Confederates pushed the Union troops out of the town and into the hills of the south. Lee attacked, but the Union troops held their ground. Lee then ordered what came to be known as Pickett’s Charge. At Gettysburg, over one-third of Lee’s entire force was killed or wounded. The Road to Gettysburg (cont.) The Battle of Gettysburg

Section 4 The Union suffered 23,000 casualties, but could afford the losses. The Road to Gettysburg (cont.) Gettysburg proved to be the turning point in the war. The Battle of Gettysburg

A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 4 Why was Gettysburg a turning point in the war? A.The Union’s victory strengthened the Republicans politically. B.The Union’s victory ensured that Britain would not recognize the Confederacy. C.Lee’s forces fought on the defensive for the rest of the war. D.All of the above

Section 4 Battle for Tennessee After Grant won control of Tennessee, Lincoln appointed him general in chief.

Section 4 After the Union’s major victories at Vicksburg and Gettysburg, fierce fighting erupted in Tennessee near Chattanooga. Grant ordered General William Tecumseh Sherman to attack Confederate positions on the north end of Missionary Ridge. When Sherman failed to break through, Grant ordered 23,000 men under General George Thomas to launch a limited attack against the Confederates in front of Missionary Ridge as a diversion. Battle for Tennessee (cont.)

Section 4 Thomas’s troops succeeded, winning Chattanooga for the Union army. Lincoln rewarded Grant’s victories at Vicksburg and Chattanooga by appointing him general in chief of the Union forces and promoting him to lieutenant general. Battle for Tennessee (cont.)

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E Section 4 Why was Chattanooga an important victory? A.It was a vital railroad junction. B.It secured eastern Tennessee. C.It cleared the way for an invasion of Georgia. D.A and B E.All of the above

Section 4-End

Figure 6