bmed/ bmed/ link on T and CorpusCallosum

Brain Anatomy Regions and their functions

By By Anthony

Mr. Verdi has a new favorite student…

Hippocampus and Amygdala

4 major regions Cerebral hemispheres Diencephalon Brain stem Cerebellum

Cerebral Hemispheres Right and Left  Superior part of brain Most of mass of the brain Shallow groove = sulcus Elevated area by groove = gyrus

Cerebral Cortex.125 inch thick… 40% of brain mass Motor areas Sensory areas Association areas Contralateral control

Central sulcus Precentral gyrus = primary motor

Primary Motor Cortex Precentral gyrus Controls voluntary movement

Premotor Cortex Learned motor skills

Broca’s area Speech! Left hemisphere Broca's area and Wernicke's area are connected by a bundle of nerve fibers called the arcuate fasciculus. Damage to the arcuate fasciculus causes a disorder called conduction aphasia. People with conduction aphasia can understand language, but their speech does not make sense and they cannot repeat words.

Primary Somatosensory Cortex Postcentral gyrus Right hemisphere gets information from left, and upside down

Somatosensory Association cortex Posterior to postcentral gyrus

Visual area Extreme posterior tip of occipital lobe

Visual Association Area Surrounds the visual area… determines what you are seeing –i.e. 2 pretty eyes, long hair, ears… its Zooey !

Auditory Areas Top of temporal lobe = primary auditory area Posterior of temporal lobe = auditory association area

Olfactory cortex  primitive brain new functions Rhinencephalon = Memory! Why we remember smell of Grandma’s old smoky apartment, with dentures and those weird mints now only seen at midlevel restaraunts

Diencephalon 3 paired structures Thalamus Hypothalamus Epithalamus

Thalamus Large number of nuclei “Afferent impulses from all senses and all parts of the body converge on the thalamus Includes sensory, visceral, emotional, etc.

Hypothalamus 7 functions 1.) Autonomic control center 2.) Center for emotional response 3.) Body Temperature Regulation

Hypothalamus 4.) Regulation of Food Intake 5.) Regulation of Water balance and thirst 6.) Regulation of sleep-wake cycles SCN 7.) control of endocrine system functioning

Epithalamus Pineal gland – melatonin hormone Makes you sleeeepppppyyyy

Brain Stem Midbrain –Some grey matter involved in pain suppression and fight and flight Superior colliculi –Visual reflex Inferior colliculi –Auditory reflex

Brain Stem Pons Helps communication between motor cortex and cerebellum

Medulla Oblongata Cardiovascular center Respiratory center Various other centers

Cerebellum Think Coordination! Coordinates inputs from tons of sensory and motor regions of the brain