Omar Samayoa Climate Change Specialist Inter-American Development Bank Guatemala General experiences in Mountain Environments

2  Agronomist, University of San Carlos, Guatemala  Master Scientiae in Ecological Agriculture, in CATIE (Tropical Research and Higher Education Center), Costa Rica  Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation  Design, planning, supervision and execution of multilateral funds Education

3  15 years of experience in Natural Resources Management and Rural Development, including 8 years of experience in climate change. Negotiator of Forest Topics (REDD+) in the UNFCCC during 4 years  Project design, supervision and implementation with Multilateral Development Bank’s funds (small and big projects, from USD1 million to USD250 million) General Experience

4  Policy: Promote inclusion and participation of private sector, civil society, goverment and other stakeholders in developing strategies and policy related to climate change  Promote mainstreaming of climate change in several sectors as Energy, Transport, Agriculture, Forest, Education, Health, etc.  The geografic experience has been specially in Central America (in this moment more focused in Guatemala) General Experience

5 Rainforest Alliance, 2008 Location

6 Saturday, June 04, 2016 © Copyright 2008, Rainforest Alliance Saturday, June 04, 2016 The heart of Mayan World

Guatemala (means land of forests) 7 Guatemala: Surface area of 108,889 km2 (10.9 million ha) 15 million inhabitants from 4 ethnic groups: Maya (22) Xinca (1) Garífuna (1) and Mestiza (60% indigenous). 50% in poverty condition and 20% in extreme poverty Forest cover : 3,722,595 hectares = 34.2% Net annual deforestation 38,597 ha (1.0%) for the period. One of 19 “megadiverse” countries in the world in terms of biodiversity

 More than 60% of the country is mountains  80% of mountain areas are crops (coffee, maize, vegetables),  40% of mountain areas has forest cover (natural, plantations, coffee)  70% of population lives in mountains areas  70% of water is produced there Why Mountains Areas are important in Guatemala?

 More than 60% of the country are mountains  80% of mountain areas are crops (coffee, maize, vegetables),  40% of mountain areas has forest cover (natural, plantations, coffee), multi- purpouse forest (food security, water, energy)  70% of population lives in mountains areas  70% of water is produced there Why Mountains Areas are important in Guatemala?

 The most strategic actions for mitigation and adaptation in Guatemala (and Central America) are focused especially in mountain ecosystems  The mountains are strategic for vulnerable sectors like agriculture, food security and energy (adaptation, water)  The most important source of GHG’s is Land Use Change (deforestation). Many forest areas are located in mountains (mitigation to adaptation) Why Mountains Areas are important in Guatemala?

 Public investment in mountain areas for protection and sustainable management of forest cover is only around % of national budget (USD50 millions/year)  Private sector (coffee) represent an important investor to mantain the forest cover (coffee shade) However….

 It is important to strength policies to maintain and recover the forest cover, and invest more resources (public and private) in this areas  Climate change is an alternative that we use to support in this objective Then….

Policy and Institutional Framework 1. Design/strethening policies and strategies, mainstreming the climate change issue

2. Design of proposals to access climate funds –Forest Carbon Partnership Facility –FCPF- (USD 3.8 millions) –Forest Invesmet Program –FIP- (USD25 millions) –Carbon Fund (proposal for 21 millions of CO2, could be around USD80-USD100 millions if GHG reduction emissions are produced) –National Apropiate Mitigation Action –NAMA- for Cook Clean Stoves (in preparation) –Coffee NAMA in Costa Rica

2. Design of proposals to access climate funds –Forest Carbon Partnership Facility –FCPF- (USD 3.8 millions) –Forest Invesment Program –FIP- (USD25 millions) –Carbon Fund (proposal for 21 millions Ton of CO2, could be around USD80-USD100 millions if GEI reduction emissions are produced) –National Apropiate Mitigation Action –NAMA- for Cook Clean Stoves (in preparation) –Coffee NAMA in Costa Rica

Guatemala Emission Reduction Program Idea 16 Avoided Deforestation in natural forests Forest Concessions (mainly local comm). National Parks (Lachuá, Lacandón). Protected Areas on the Caribbean. Avoided deforestation and enhancement of carbon stocks: Forestry incentives Sustainable fuelwood management Value added for legal forest products. MITIGACION TO ADAPTATION

2. Why we are doing that? –The climate investment mechanisms are evaluating the next aspects: –Potential to reduce emissions of GHG (focused en sectors that are producing emissions) –Policy and institutional framework to face the emissions –Co-benefits (adaptacion, food security, gender, biodiversity) –Private sector involving –Capacity of implementation

Some pictures of Guatemala!

Thank you!