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U.S. Courts More U.S. Courts Supreme Courts More Supreme Courts Supreme Court Decisions 10 Point 20 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points 10 Point 20 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points Federal Courts
Where can you find information on the judicial branch in the Constitution?
Article III
Explain the difference between criminal and civil law
Civil law usually involved money; non- criminal Criminal laws deals with laws that are broken.
Explain the difference between federal and state courts
State Courts deal with state crimes Federal Courts deal with federal crimes (can overrule states)
Describe a civil law case.
Accidents, negligence, family law, rent cases, wills
Describe a criminal law case
Anytime a law is broken
Define jurisdiction
Authority to decide a case
Explain the difference between original and appellate jurisdiction.
Original jurisdiction: where a case begins Appellate jurisdiction: when a case has been appealed
Describe a federal crime
Crimes on the ocean and in the air, postal offices, crossing state lines
Describe a state crime
Anything that the federal courts do not cover
Identify 4 areas of federal jurisdiction
Constitution issues, more than $75,000, between states, involving U.S. government
How many federal district courts are there?
94
Name the only federal courts with a jury
District courts
Name the only court created by the Constitution.
Supreme Court
Name 2 special federal courts
Bankruptcy courts, U.S. Tax Courts, Military Courts
Explain the purpose of federal appeals courts.
To hear cases where the district courts messed up, or when a law is wrong.
How many Supreme Court justices are there?
9
Give the approximate number of cases chosen by the Supreme Court.
150
Name the month that the S.C. begins its session and ends.
Starts in October, ends in July
Name the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
John Roberts
Name two ways which case can reach the Supreme Court.
Original and appellate jurisdiction.
What is the majority decision?
The decision of the Supreme Court in a case.
What is the dissenting opinion?
The opinion of the minority of judges
What did Gideon v. Wainright decide?
Everyone gets a lawyer!
What did Dred Scott v. Sanford decide?
Slaves were not citizens, could not sue. Treated like property
What did Plessy v. Ferguson decide?
Separate but equal
What did Schenk v. U.S. decide?
Clear and present danger; first amendment is limited in times of war
What did Brown v. Board of Education decide?
No more separate but equal; desegregation of schools
What did Tinker v. Des Moines decide?
Students have first amendment rights, as long as it is not disruptive
What did Miranda v. Arizona decide?
Suspects must be told their rights to a lawyer and self- incrimination
What did Roe v. Wade decide?
Abortion is legal
Make your wager
What is judicial review and which case decided it?
Marbury v. Madison Supreme Court can overrule Congress and the President.