Classification of Matter Atoms,Elements, Compounds, Mixtures

Lesson Objective Atoms Elements Molecules Compounds Mixtures

What is matter? Matter is anything that takes up space!!!! Matter is everything around you. Matter is anything made of atoms and molecules. Matter is anything that has a mass. There are the states of matter.

The Atom

Atoms ATOM-An atom is the smallest unit that maintains the characteristics of an element Makes up everything in the universe Think one of the math blocks

The Atom

Nucleus Protons Proton A positively charged sub- atomic particle (+). Atomic Mass=1 amu

Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

Introducing Little Miss “Element” Hi! I am Little Miss “Element” I am PURE SUBSTANCE I cannot be broken down into any simpler substance by means of a chemical reaction* *Chemical process refers to chemical reaction or heat

Elements Definition of an element: An element is a pure substance (entirely one type of atom) which cannot be split up into two or more simpler substances by chemical means. Sugar is not an element as it can be broken down into carbon and water.

Elements Contain only 1 type of atom Element 1Element 2

Note that an element: Consists of only one kind of atom, Cannot be broken down into a simpler type of matter by either physical or chemical means Can exist as either atoms (e.g. argon) or molecules (e.g., nitrogen). Elements

Examples of elements Elements are made up of tiny particles Elements can be further classified into two groups: Is the smallest particle of an element and has the same chemical properties of the element Is made up of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together (note: these atoms are of the SAME element!!) Hi, I am from the “Noble gas” family and I work alone We same same!!

These are elements! Atoms of same element Cu copper element Na sodium element He helium element Molecules of same element H Hydrogen gas element O H OO ozone

Atoms An element is made of tiny particles called atoms. The atoms of an element is different from that of another element.

Elements- Atoms Microscopic view of the atoms of the element argon (gas phase). Consists of only one kind of atom

What is an atom? Examples of models of atoms: HNaCl Hydrogen atom Sodium atom Chlorine atom

Molecules Very few elements exists as atoms besides elements such as helium and neon. Most elements exist as molecules. For example, hydrogen is H 2. Ozone is O 3.

Elements- Molecules Microscopic view of the molecules of the element nitrogen (gas phase). Consists of only one kind of atom

Examples of molecules (elements) HH NN O O O OO S SS S S S S S

Chemical Symbols of Elements Chemists use symbols to represent elements. For example, O represents oxygen while Fe represents iron. ElementSymbolElementSymbol CalciumCaMercuryHg CarbonCNeonNe HydrogenHSiliconSi IronFeSodiumNa

Introducing Little Miss “Compounds” Harlow! Hehee!!! *giggles* I am also a PURE SUBSTANCE I am made up of a fixed number of two or more elements chemically combined.

Compounds Note that a compound: can be broken down into a simpler type of matter (elements) by chemical means (but not by physical means), has properties that are different from its component elements

A compound is a substance which is made up of two or more elements chemically combined together. What is a compound? - Chemical reactions taking place. Cu Qn: Is this a compound? It only contains one type of element. Qn: Is this a compound? HH It only contains one type of element. H O H O O Qn: Is this a compound? It is not chemically combined.

Compounds When two or more elements are joined together using energy (e.g. Heat) Element 1Element 2Compound

Compounds Microscopic view of the molecules of the compound water (gas phase). Oxygen atoms are red and hydrogen atoms are white.

Introducing Little Mr. “Mixture” Burp!!!! I am messy! I am formed when two or more substances joined together physically (without chemical bonds) I have the same properties as all the substances AIR I am his best friend!

Mixtures Definition of a mixture: A mixture is not a pure substance as it contains a mixture of atoms of molecules which are not chemically combined together.

Mixtures Note that a mixture: consists of two or more different elements and/or compounds NOT chemically combined. can be separated into its components by physical means

Microscopic view of a gaseous mixture containing two elements (argon and nitrogen) and a compound (water). Mixtures

Examples of mixtures include salt and pepper.

Little Mr “Mixture” A Mixture can be: element + element element + compound compound + compound He is a “boo-boo!” He can be separated to its substances by physical methods

Mixtures Elements can be mixed NOT JOINED to make a mixture Mixture 1

Mixtures Can be separated to get the elements Mixture 1Element 1Element 2

A mixture of 2 elements A mixture of two elements, e.g. neon (Ne) and hydrogen (H 2 )

A mixture of 1 element and 1 compound A mixture of one element and one compound, e.g. hydrogen (H 2 ) and ammonia (NH 3 )

A mixture of 2 compounds A mixture of two compounds, e.g. water vapour (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 )

Conclusion An element is a pure substance which cannot be split up into two or more simpler substances by chemical means. A compound consist of a fixed number of different kinds of atoms chemically combined together. A mixture is not a pure substance as it contains a mixture of atoms of molecules which are not chemically combined together.

Differences between mixtures and compounds *giggles * HeE stupid… Laugh what? I know I am a little “bushy and hairy” than you… Little Miss CompoundMr Messy

Comparison between mixtures and compounds Properties are unique and different from its elements Same properties as its components Properties (chemical / physical) Elements in a compound Cannot be separated by physical methods Components can be separated by physical methods Separation /breakdown CompoundMixture

Elements Contain only 1 type of atom Compounds Mixture Contain 1 or more atoms JOINED Contain 1 or more atoms NOT JOINED

Challenge Time Is mineral water an element, mixture or compound?

Challenge Time Are YOU an element, mixture or compound?

The End……