Classifying Matter: Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Pure Substance A sample of matter that has definite chemical and physical properties. O H H O H2OH2O Water OxygenHydrogen gas sustains combustion gas explosive liquid non-explosive does not sustain combustion (burning) H
Element A pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means. It is made of just one type of atom. o An atom is the smallest particle in an element that still has the physical and chemical properties of the element.
Elements and Atoms An atom is the smallest particle in an element that still has the physical and chemical properties of the element.
Elements and Atoms An atom is the smallest particle in an element that still has the physical and chemical properties of the element. Hydrogen Helium Lithium Sodium
Elements and Atoms An atom is the smallest particle in an element that still has the physical and chemical properties of the element. Hydrogen Helium Lithium Sodium
Elements and Atoms An atom is the smallest particle in an element that still has the physical and chemical properties of the element. Hydrogen Helium Lithium Sodium
Elements and Atoms An atom is the smallest particle in an element that still has the physical and chemical properties of the element. Hydrogen Helium Lithium Sodium
Elements and Atoms An atom is the smallest particle in an element that still has the physical and chemical properties of the element. Hydrogen Helium Lithium Sodium
Compound A compound is a pure substance composed of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds. o Made of elements in a specific ratio that is always the same o Has a chemical formula o Can only be separated by chemical means, not physically o A molecule is two or more atoms combined chemically o A molecule is the smallest particle in a compound that still has the physical and chemical properties of the compound.
Molecules A molecule is two or more atoms combined chemically A chemical formula identifies the molecule
Molecules A molecule is two or more atoms combined chemically A chemical formula identifies the molecule A molecule could be made up of… …two or three identical atoms of the same element …two or more atoms of different elements H 2 O 2 Hydrogen peroxide H 2 Hydrogen O 2 Oxygen O 3 Ozone C6H12O6 Glucose (sugar)
Molecules A molecule is two or more atoms combined chemically A chemical formula identifies the molecule A molecule could be made up of… …two or three identical atoms of the same element …two or more atoms of different elements A compound forms when atoms of two or more different elements combine chemically, or through a chemical change
Molecules A molecule is two or more atoms combined chemically A chemical formula identifies the molecule A molecule could be made up of… …two or three identical atoms of the same element …two or more atoms of different elements A compound forms when atoms of two or more different elements combine chemically, or through a chemical change
Molecules A molecule is two or more atoms combined chemically A chemical formula identifies the molecule A molecule could be made up of… …two or three identical atoms of the same element …two or more atoms of different elements A compound forms when atoms of two or more different elements combine chemically, or through a chemical change
Molecules A molecule is two or more atoms combined chemically A chemical formula identifies the molecule A molecule could be made up of… …two or three identical atoms of the same element …two or more atoms of different elements A compound forms when atoms of two or more different elements combine chemically, or through a chemical change When a compound forms, a new substance with different properties than the original substances is formed = Table salt Soft, shiny metal (solid) Greenish gas Reacts w/ water (explodes) Reacts with body tissue (poisons)
Mixture A mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances that are not chemically but rather physically combined. o Substances held together by physical forces, not chemical o No chemical change takes place but rather a physical change o Each item retains its properties in the mixture o They can be separated physically Salty water liquid & “colorless” like water salty and “whitish” like salt How can they be separated? solid white salty liquid “clear” “tasteless”
Mixtures vs. Compounds
Only one type of atom
Two types of atoms chemically combined
Only one type of atomTwo types of atoms chemically combined
Only one type of atomTwo types of atoms chemically combined
Only one type of atomTwo types of atoms chemically combined
Only one type of atomTwo types of atoms chemically combined Two or more different types of particles (atoms and/or molecules) physically combined and unevenly distributed
Only one type of atomTwo types of atoms chemically combined Two or more different types of particles (atoms and/or molecules) physically combined and unevenly distributed
Only one type of atomTwo types of atoms chemically combined Two or more different types of particles (atoms and/or molecules) physically combined and unevenly distributed Two or more different types of particles (atoms and/or molecules) physically combined and evenly distributed
Can you identify the following? You will be shown a series of slides. Tell if each photo represents an item composed of an element, compound, or mixture. Review: An element contains just one type of atom. A compound contains two or more different atoms joined together chemically. Its properties are different from those of its components. A mixture contains two or more different substances that are only physically together. It can contain both elements and compounds. Its properties are a combination of the properties of its components.
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Rocks
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Rocks
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Copper
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Copper
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Jelly Beans
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Jelly Beans
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Table Sugar
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Table Sugar
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Diamond
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Diamond
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Tea
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Tea
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salt
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salt
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Neon Gas
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Neon Gas
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salad
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salad
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Pure Water
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Pure Water
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Aluminum
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Aluminum
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Lemonade
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Lemonade
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Silver
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Silver
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Sand
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Sand
Can you identify the following? You will be shown another series of slides. Tell if each show an atom or a molecule.
Atom or Molecule? CO 2
Atom or Molecule? CO 2 Carbon dioxide
Atom or Molecule?
CH4 methane
Atom or Molecule? Fe
Fe Iron
Atom or Molecule?
molecules of one type of atom (same element)
Atom or Molecule? CO
CO Carbon monoxide
Atom or Molecule?
mixture of atoms (green) and molecules (purple) (element & compound)
Atom or Molecule? Co
Co Cobalt
Atom or Molecule?
Surprise! It’s Hydrogen!
Atom or Molecule? N2N2N2N2
N 2 Nitrogen
Atom or Molecule? C 6 H 12 O 6
Atom or Molecule? C 6 H 12 O 6 Simple sugar: glucose, fructose, sucrose
Atom or Molecule?
mixture of two types of molecules (two different elements)
Atom or Molecule? Hg
Atom or Molecule? Hg Mercury
Atom or Molecule?
Nitrogen
Atom or Molecule? Fe 2 O 3
Atom or Molecule? Fe 2 O 3 Iron oxide - rust
Atom or Molecule?
molecules of water
Atom or Molecule? O2O2 O2O2
O 2 Oxygen
Atom or Molecule?
mixture of two types of atoms (two different elements
Atom or Molecule? Na
Atom or Molecule? Na Sodium
Atom or Molecule? O3O3O3O3
O 3 Ozone
Atom or Molecule?
one type of atom (same element)
Atom or Molecule? He
He Helium
Atom or Molecule?
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
Notes Detailed notes are located at: mixtures-notes-isn.pdf Flow Chart: isn.pdf