Newton’s First Law Honors Physics. Net force – combination of all forces acting on an object. (F net ) Balanced forces – forces that are equal in magnitude.

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Presentation transcript:

Newton’s First Law Honors Physics

Net force – combination of all forces acting on an object. (F net ) Balanced forces – forces that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction (cancel out; F net = 0) Unbalanced forces – force that are in opposite direction, but do not fully cancel out. (F net > 0) Facts about Force

INERTIA – tendency of an object to resist changes in motion; directly proportional to mass. Weight or Force due to Gravity is how your MASS is effected by gravity. NOTE: MASS and WEIGHT are NOT the same thing. MASS never changes When an object moves to a different planet. What is the weight of an 85.3-kg person on earth? On Mars (g=3.2 m/s/s)? Newton’s First Law – The Law of Inertia

An object in motion remains in motion in a straight line and at a constant speed OR an object at rest remains at rest, UNLESS acted upon by an EXTERNAL (unbalanced) Force. There are TWO conditions here and one constraint. Condition #1 – The object CAN move but must be at a CONSTANT VELOCITY Condition #2 – The object is at REST Constraint – As long as the forces are BALANCED!!!!! And if all the forces are balanced the SUM of all the forces is ZERO. The bottom line: There is NO ACCELERATION in this case AND the object must be at EQUILIBRIUM ( All the forces cancel out). Newton’s First Law

Newton’s First Law Example You are riding in a car traveling 55 mph. You notice deer run in front of your path and you slam on the brakes. You and everything else in the car move at 55 mph until something stops you.  Friction with the seat, seat belt applying a force to you, you applying a force on the steering wheel, or worst case scenario hitting a hard surface.

Since the F net = 0, a system moving at a constant speed or at rest MUST be at “EQUILIBRIUM”. TIPS for solving problems Draw a FBD Resolve anything into COMPONENTS Write equations of equilibrium Solve for unknowns Newton’s First Law – The Law of “Inertia”

A 10-kg box is being pulled across the table to the right at a constant speed with a force of 50N. a) Calculate the Force of Friction a) Calculate the Force Normal mg FNFN FaFa FfFf Example

Suppose the same box is now pulled at an angle of 30 degrees above the horizontal. a) Calculate the Force of Friction a) Calculate the Force Normal mg FNFN FaFa FfFf 30 F ax F ay Example