Chapter 6 sections 1-5 Steps Toward Revolution:

Ch 6.1 Distrust between Mexico and the United States Mexico feared the United States wanted Texas for themselves. Mexico did not want settlers from the United States, but they had to accept them.

The United States tries to buy Texas 1819, the Adams-Onis treaty, US dropped its claim to Texas Many people in the US believed that Mexico did not need or want Texas. 1825, US minister to Texas, Joel Poinsett, offers to buy Texas from Mexico for $1,000,000.

The US and Mexico had different views on how countries should be governed United States Believed in self- government, the people should take an active role in making laws and decisions Believed that civilians, not the military should lead the country Mexico Powers were divided into 3 groups; the army, the Catholic Church, and leaders of the Mexican Revolution which fought for control of Mexico

Slavery Mexico did not want slavery but allowed it because it feared settlers would not come to Texas Mexico tried to ban slavery several times but was not able to enforce it.

Mier y Teran visits Texas In 1827, Mexico sent General Don Manuel d Mier y Teran to visit Texas and write a report Mier y Teran’s report recommended that: Mexico send more troops to Texas Mexico send more settlers from Mexico and Europe to Texas Mexico increase its trade with Texas to improve relations

In 1829 Mexico ended slavery This alarmed many Texans Mexico did not enforce this law strongly in Texas

Law of April 6, 1830 Mexico passed a law that stopped people from coming to Texas from the US(immigration) This law canceled nearly all empresario contracts Stephen F. Austin and Green Dewitt managed to keep their contracts The law outlawed bringing slaves into Texas The law wanted to make Texas more “Mexican” Tax on imported goods from America

Ch 6.3 The Texas Settlers Begin to Resist

Liberty The governor of Coahuila y Tejas issued land grants to settlers who arrived to Texas before 1830 and they named the new settlement Liberty. The Mexican government put General Mier y Teran in charge of Texas and he sent Captain Juan Davis Bradburn to arrest those who had issued the land grants. Bradburn also treated the settlers harshly.

Trouble at Anahuac Anahuac is a city that overlooks the mouth of the Trinity River Bradburn forced the settlers to give him supplies without paying them Bradburn argued with two settlers (William Travis and Patrick Jack) and had them arrested but did not charge them.

Texas settlers take up arms Even though Bradburn’s actions were legal under Mexican Law, many settlers felt he abused his power. Dozen’s of men grabbed their rifles and a rebellion was sparked. At Brazoria, John Austin, (no relation to Stephen F. Austin) gathered a large group and headed toward Bradburn’s garrison and tried to negotiate the release of Travis and Jack Bradburn did not negotiate so they decided to attack They sent John Austin to get cannons for the attack.

Turtle Bayou Resolution Stated the causes of the revolt Pledged the settlers loyalty to the Mexican constitution Pledged their support for General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna First organized protest against Mexico

Avoiding Crisis Jose de las Peidras, leader of the Nacogdoches garrison, heard about the trouble in Anahuac and traveled there to try to solve the problem He agreed with the settlers concerns and replaced Captain Bradburn. He released Travis and Jack and the settlers were happy for the time being.

Bloodshed at Velasco John Austin’s group had not heard that the crisis in Turtle Bayou had been resolved and was still on his mission to attack. He had located cannons and was preparing to sail down the Brazos River to the Galveston Bay for an attack. A Mexican fort stood between Austin and Galveston Bay. The leader of the fort ordered Austin to stop and of course he didn’t. Austin’s group fired on the fort and a battle took place with soldiers on both side dying. The rebels won this early battle.

Political Trouble in Mexico There were many groups fighting for supreme power in Mexico. Two political parties fought for power, the Centralist and Federalist

Federal System vs. Central Government Federal system Separate states form a national government The individual states hold most of the power Most Texans sided with the Federalists Central Government The national government held most of the power leaving the states with little power

Ch 6.4 Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Leader of the federalists Tried to overthrow the Centralist government of Anastasio Bustamante

Convention of 1832 Delegates met at San Felipe de Austin to discuss issues and decide on a course of action Wanted immigration from the US to resume Wanted Texas to be made an independent state

Convention of 1833 Santa Anna had won the civil war and became president. The federalist now held the power The settlers of Texas wanted better mail service Improved defense against the Native American raids Reform of courts Right to use English in business and law William H. Wharton chosen as leader Stephen F. Austin sent to Mexico City to deliver these demands

Ch 6.5 Austin goes to Mexico City Austin went to Mexico City on behalf of the delegation. Arrived in July 1833 It took some time but Austin finally met with Santa Anna in November Santa Anna agreed to end the ban on immigration, but would not make Texas into a separate state

Austin Imprisoned Austin wrote a letter before meeting with Santa Anna and sent it to the ayuntamiento at San Antonio. He suggested they start the process to set up a state government for Texas. Austin was on the way home from meeting with Santa Anna and was stopped by authorities in Saltillo because of the letter he wrote. He was thrown into prison

Santa Anna Changes sides Santa Anna seized the government and abolished the Constitution of He then placed the states under the rule of the Army to increase his power This angered the settlers and other Mexican citizens.

Relations with Mexico worsen Mexico refused to negotiate with the settlers and they decided the best thing was to become independent. Austin was released from prison and even he thought that it was time to separate from Mexico