Chapter 1

Matter vocabulary words 1.Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space 2.Solids – a state of matter that has a definite volume and shape 3.Liquids – a state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape 4.Fluid – any substance that can flow 5.Plasma – a state of matter in which atoms are stripped of their electrons and the nuclei packed closely together.

6.Physical properties – a property such as color, hardness, size, shape, boiling point… that does not change the chemical make-up of the substance 7.Chemical properties – a property used to characterize a substance’s reactions that change their chemical identity such as the explosive property of nitroglycerin.

8.Physical changes – a change in a substance that does not change its identity; for example, a change in state. 9.Chemical changes – a change in which one or more substances combine or break apart to form new substance. 10.Viscosity – the resistance of a liquid to flowing

11.Gases – A state of matter with no definite shape or volume. 12.Characteristics properties – a quality of a substance that never changes and can be used to identify the substance

13.Melting – the change in state from a solid to a liquid. 14.Melting point – the temperature which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid. 15.Freezing – the change in state from a liquid to a solid. 16.Freezing point – the temperature which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid

17.Vaporization – the change of state from a liquid to a gas. 18.Evaporation - the process that occurs when vaporization takes place only on the surface a liquid. 19.Boiling – the process that occurs when vaporization takes place inside a liquid as well as on the surface.

20.Boiling point – the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas. 21.Condensation – the change of state from a gas to a liquid. 22.Sublimation – the change in state from a solid directly to a gas without passing through the liquid state.

23.Law of conservation of energy – The principle that the total amount of energy remains the same during any changes. Energy is either released or absorbed. IT IS NEVER LOST.

SolidsLiquidsGases Particles have the least energy. Particles have more energy than a solid, but less energy than a gas. Particles have the most energy. Particles packed too closely together to move past one another. Particles have viscosity. They are able to flow over one another. Particles move around and are the farthest apart. Particles have a definite shape and volume. Particles take the shape of the container, but have a definite volume Particles have neither a definite shape nor volume.

Different States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Principal States of Matter StateDefinite ShapeDefinite Volume Solid Liquid Gas yes noyes no

Physical and chemical changes - Section 2-4 review physical changechemical change xx x x x x The total amount of energy is the same before and after physical and chemical changes. 6. yes, yes, no 7. true 8. true 9. true 10. true 5.

11. false 12. false