W e have discussed in previous lessons that acids and bases can balance each other to form a neutral solution when the acid particles and the base particles are equal. In this activity we will explore the chemical reaction that takes place when you mix an acid and a base.

KEY VOCABULARY Chemical reaction A symbolic representation of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction. Electron An electrically charged negative particle found outside the center or nucleus of an atom. It is exactly opposite in electrical charge to a proton but is almost 2,000 times smaller in mass. Electrolyte A solution or pure liquid substance that forms ions to conduct an electrical current. Neutron A particle having the same mass as a proton but no electric charge. It is contained in the center (nucleus) of an atom. Products In a chemical reaction, the substances that are produced by the reactants; that is, the final substances that are present at the end.

Proton The positively charged particle(s) contained in the center of an atom. The number of protons an individual atom has determines what element it is. Reactants Chemical substances that enter into a reaction. In an equation, these are generally listed to the left of the arrow or equals sign. The original substances that are present at the beginning of a reaction. Salt The general term that chemists use to define any substance that is formed from the reaction between an acid and a base. It is an ionic compound that contains positive and negative ions.

In your science notebook, draw the image above and label it. This is an atom that contains 1 proton (Nucleus) and 1 Electron (negative charge

In your science notebook, draw the image to the left. This represents two atoms held together by a Covalent Bond. Once the atoms starting sharing their electrons it becomes a molecule. Label your drawing

In your science notebook, draw the image to the right. This is an example of an Ionic Bond. In this case, one atom loses an electron while the other atom gains it. This results in a positive ion and a negative ion. Be sure to label your drawing

Na = Sodium Cl = Chlorine

A chemical equation is a symbolic representation of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction. reactantsResults inproduct As an example, copy everything to the left that’s inside the parenthesis

Copy each of the following questions in your science notebook and provide a complete answer. In a covalent bond, the electrons are shared by two atoms. In an ionic bond, electrons are transferred from one atom to another. See slide 9 for help in answering this question Because the OH– of the base and the H+ of the acid combine to form water, which is a neutral substance and can be used to dilute an acid substance.

After you have completed Lesson 50, make sure all your vocabulary from this lesson and lesson 36 is complete. The bond describes two types: ionic and covalent. Sugar contains molecules formed by covalent bonds. Ions can be positive or negative in charge. Electrolytes include acids, bases, and salts. An Electrolyte is a solution or pure liquid substance that forms ions to conduct an electrical current.

In your science notebook, draw and complete the map below. Use what you have learned about solutions and the way they bond.