Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA  mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA  tRNA  AA Occurs at the ribosome.

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Presentation transcript:

Protein Synthesis

Transcription DNA  mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA  tRNA  AA Occurs at the ribosome

RNA and DNA Compared

Triplets (Codons)

Genetic Code

Transcription

Initiation Promoter TATA Box Initiation Site RNA Polymerase AUG

Elongation RNA Polymerase Adds nucleotides to the 3’ end

Termination Proceeds until RNA polymerase transcribes a terminator sequence UAA UAG UGA

RNA Processing 5’ guanine cap 3’ Poly (A) tail

RNA Splicing Introns Exons

Introns???? Regulation One gene can code for alternate polypeptides Evolution Domains – structural and functional regions

Translation

tRNA

Aminoacyl- tRNA Synthetase

Ribosomes Small subunit Large subunit P site (peptidyl-tRNA) A site (Aminoacyl-tRNA) E site (Exit site)

Transcription

Initiation The first tRNA with its AA attaches to the mRNA and the small subunit The first tRNA and its AA enters the P site

Elongation The second tRNA and its AA enters the A site A peptide bond forms

Elongation Translocation The third tRNA and its AA enters the A site A peptide bond forms

Termination

Polyribosomes

Point Mutation

Base Pair Substitution

Frame Shift Mutation Base Pair Insertion or Deletion

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