Protein Synthesis Grade 10 EST. Recall: DNA DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid Composed of nucleotides Each nucleotide contains – Deoxyribose sugar – Phosphate.

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Presentation transcript:

Protein Synthesis Grade 10 EST

Recall: DNA DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid Composed of nucleotides Each nucleotide contains – Deoxyribose sugar – Phosphate group (PO 4 -1 ) – Nitrogenous base (A, T, C, or G) Sequence of bases = gene

Recall: Proteins A gene is piece of DNA that codes to make a protein. Proteins play specific roles in an organism. – Support (elastin) – Transport (hemoglobin) – Control (hormones, insulin) – Immunity (antibodies) – Catalysis (enzymes)

Recall: Protein Structure Protein are made of amino acids. 20 different amino acids Average = amino acids in a protein chain

Protein Synthesis Protein synthesis is the creation of proteins by cells. Instructions are in genes inside nucleus. Protein synthesis occurs in ribosomes, outside the nucleus.

RNA DNA cannot leave the nucleus Messenger between nucleus and ribosome mRNA: messenger ribonucleic acid RNA is single-stranded Thymine (T)  Uracil (U) Ribose sugar

Two types of RNA Transfer RNA transfers amino acids from cytoplasm to ribosome (tRNA) Transfer RNA transfers amino acids from cytoplasm to ribosome (tRNA) Messenger RNA acts as a messenger between gene and ribosome (mRNA) Messenger RNA acts as a messenger between gene and ribosome (mRNA)

1. Transcription of DNA into mRNA

2. Attachment of mRNA to Ribosome

3. Translation of mRNA into Protein

4. End of Protein Synthesis UAA, UAG, or UGA nucleotide triplet Chain is complete. Protein is released. Folds into functional shape. Performs its role.

Notes Video HW pp due May 22