© 2009 IBM Corporation 1 Space, Time, and Antony Space, Time and Antony Visualizing Then and Now, Here and There

© 2009 IBM Corporation 2 Space, Time, and Antony Who is Antony Unwin? There is no ‘H’ in ‘Antony’ Otherwise you might find …

© 2009 IBM Corporation 3 Space, Time, and Antony

© 2009 IBM Corporation 4 Space, Time, and Antony Hmmm… Without a statistical background, we might just pick the most likely results: –“ANTHONY” –Bimodal distribution of ages –Born in 1908, 1978 –Happy 32 nd or 102 nd birthday! Does “Anthony Unwin” have a web page?

© 2009 IBM Corporation 5 Space, Time, and Antony Anthonyunwin.com

© 2009 IBM Corporation 6 Space, Time, and Antony Fortunately, we are statisticians WWAD [What would Antony Do]? 1.Get good data 2.Look at the data 3.Validate the data 4.Build models 5.Look at the model results 6.Validate the model results 7.Don’t trust a model more than the data

© 2009 IBM Corporation 7 Space, Time, and Antony Some Data on Antony Sample Papers from 1991 onwards Look at the data

© 2009 IBM Corporation 8 Space, Time, and Antony All Years

© 2009 IBM Corporation 9 Space, Time, and Antony 1991

© 2009 IBM Corporation 10 Space, Time, and Antony 1999

© 2009 IBM Corporation 11 Space, Time, and Antony 2001

© 2009 IBM Corporation 12 Space, Time, and Antony 2007

© 2009 IBM Corporation 13 Space, Time, and Antony All Years

© 2009 IBM Corporation 14 Space, Time, and Antony Space and Time Base data shown is TEXT x TIME This relates back to early work I did with Antony on DIAMOND FAST, exploring time series data. The “eyeballing time series” paper exhibits several features later made popular by Shneiderman …

© 2009 IBM Corporation 15 Space, Time, and Antony Visual Information-Seeking Mantra Overview first Zoom and filter Then details-on-demand Shneiderman, 1996

© 2009 IBM Corporation 16 Space, Time, and Antony Unwin, 1988 Eyeballing Time Series “Explore, Interrogate and Manipulate Data Series Graphically”

© 2009 IBM Corporation 17 Space, Time, and Antony Overview First

© 2009 IBM Corporation 18 Space, Time, and Antony Overview First

© 2009 IBM Corporation 19 Space, Time, and Antony Zoom and Filter “Changing time scaling … can be done dramatically by a factor of 10 with a single click or more precisely by dragging a scaling bar. Here are two views of monthly Canadian unemployment data. The graph on the left of Figure 2 shows all 20 years of the series (240 points) but has been crushed into a very short time- scale. The overall trend and range of seasonality are clearly shown. The graph on the right of Figure 2 shows only some of the series, just under two years, at a scale 100 times bigger. The points have been marked to emphasise the effect”

© 2009 IBM Corporation 20 Space, Time, and Antony Details on Demand

© 2009 IBM Corporation 21 Space, Time, and Antony + Modeling

© 2009 IBM Corporation 22 Space, Time, and Antony

© 2009 IBM Corporation 23 Space, Time, and Antony Space and Time Statistical Graphics are a SPACIAL layout of glyphs based on a mapping from data. Studying geographic visualization informs on statistical visualization. A second project followed Diamond Fast: REGARD

© 2009 IBM Corporation 24 Space, Time, and Antony What did REGARD introduce? Linked views: –“Details-on-demand” on steroids –Mix Statistical Graphics and Domain-Specific Graphics –New ways of displaying data subsets Spatial Data –Layers: Multiple elements for different data

© 2009 IBM Corporation 25 Space, Time, and Antony

© 2009 IBM Corporation 26 Space, Time, and Antony Model Spatial Correlation Domain views: variogram cloud, map view Link to map view with edge element Show selected subset in linked views

© 2009 IBM Corporation 27 Space, Time, and Antony Linking Districts of the city of Dublin showing areas with high levels of average income.

© 2009 IBM Corporation 28 Space, Time, and Antony Showing Selections

© 2009 IBM Corporation 29 Space, Time, and Antony REGARD

© 2009 IBM Corporation 30 Space, Time, and Antony Plus ça change, plus c'est la même chose Wills, G. (2010) Visualizing Time Springer, 2010 Wills, G., and Wilkinson, L. (2010) Autovis: Automatic Visualization Information Visualization, December 18, 2008 Wilkinson, L and Wills, G. (2008) Scagnostics Distributions Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, Volume 17; pp Graham J. Wills (2008) Linked Data Views Handbook of Data Visualization; Chen, Haerdle and Unwin Wills, Graham J. (2002) Visualization Handbook of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Visualization Wills, Graham (2009) Visualizing Network Data Encyclopedia of Database Systems, Wills, Graham (2009) Visualizing Hierarchies Encyclopedia of Database Systems, Visualizing Network Data Visualizing Hierarchies Graham Wills (2006) Networks Graphics of Large DataSets; Unwin, Theus and Hofmann (eds) Wills, Graham J. and Keim, D. (2002) Data Visualization For Domain Exploration: Interactive Statistical Graphics Handbook of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. Data Visualization For Domain Exploration: Interactive Statistical Graphics

© 2009 IBM Corporation 31 Space, Time, and Antony Visualizing Time; Chapter 7 Space and Time; Overviews

© 2009 IBM Corporation 32 Space, Time, and Antony Visualizing Time; Chapter 6 Aligned Views; Overviews

© 2009 IBM Corporation 33 Space, Time, and Antony Visualizing Time; Chapter 10 Details on demand

© 2009 IBM Corporation 34 Space, Time, and Antony Visualizing Time; Chapter 9 Don’t trust the model more than the data

© 2009 IBM Corporation 35 Space, Time, and Antony Final Lessons Antony is also close to data; stay there also Look at the data many ways with appropriate tools and plots

© 2009 IBM Corporation 36 Space, Time, and Antony Final Lessons Variables + Models = INFORMATION Statistics, analysis and procedures must be close to representations and must be investigated for features, errors and ideas

© 2009 IBM Corporation 37 Space, Time, and Antony