Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume)

Properties of Matter Physical Property Any property of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter Examples color shape taste density state/phase D = M V

5 Physical States of Matter Bose-Einstein Solid Liquid Gas Plasma (Newest State)

Bose-Einstein Condensate Exist at extremely cold temperatures (around or just above absolute zero (50 0 C or -460 o F) Particles are super unexcited Particles lock or “clump” together so firmly that they move as a single unit Definite shape and volume (?)

Solid Particles are tightly compact Particles vibrate without the ability to move freely Definite shape and volume Solid Animation

Liquid Particles are tightly compact, but able to move around close to each other No definite shape, but definite volume Liquid Animation

Gas Particles can easily spread out or move close together Particle move freely and with a lot of energy No definite shape or volume Gas Simulation

Plasma Exist at extremely high temperatures (several million degrees Celsius) Particles are broken apart Particles move freely and with extremely high energy This form is not too common on earth, however it is the most common form of matter in the universe No definite shape or volume? Examples: Florescent and neon lights, lightning, aurora borealisaurora borealis Why do you think this is the most common form/state of matter in the universe?

Energy and the States of Matter The physical states of matter result from the amount of energy the particles composing the matter have. Basically, more energy means more movement for the particles and less energy means less movement. Energy/Temperature and Matter If you were to compare an ice cube and the steam created from boiling water, which would you think has more energy?

States of Matter Continuum Taken from: What about this continuum could be considered a little misleading?

Properties of Matter Chemical Property Any property of matter that describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance Examples flammability reactivity with vinegar reactivity with oxygen Iron + Oxygen  Iron oxide (rust) 2Fe + 3O 2  Fe 2 O 3

Chemical or Physical Property? 1.Paper is white 2.Boiling point of H 2 O is 100 o C 3.Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid and creates hydrogen gas 4.Nitrogen does not burn 5.Sulfur smells like rotten eggs Physical Property Chemical Property

Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties Substance/MatterPhysical PropertyChemical Property HeliumLess dense than airNonflammable WoodGrainy textureFlammable Baking sodaWhite powderReacts with vinegar to produce bubbles Powdered sugarWhite powderDoes not react with vinegar Rubbing alcoholClear liquidFlammable Red food coloringRed colorReacts with bleach and loses color IronMalleableReacts with oxygen

Changes in Matter Physical Change a change in shape, size, color, or state a change without a change in chemical composition a change that is reversible –The Mixtures LabThe Mixtures Lab Examples tearing paper cutting your hair change in state

Changes in States (Physical Changes) Melting Vaporization (Evaporation/Boiling) Freezing Condensation All changes in state require a change in energy Sublimation Bose-Einstein Solid Liquid Gas Plasma Disposition Why do you think Bose-Einstein and plasma are not equally distanced from the other three states of matter?

States of Matter Simulation Simulation 1 Simulation 2 This is what happens when energy is added and taken away

Changes in Matter Chemical Change a change in which a substance becomes another substance having different properties a change that is not reversible using ordinary physical means Changes that usually cause heat, sound, light, odor, fizzing/foaming, color changes You usually need more than one of the above characteristics to be considered a chemical change! Examples combining sulfuric acid and sugar burning a piece of wood soured milk

Chemical or Physical Change? 1.Bending a Paper Clip 2.Baking a cake 3.The sublimation of carbon dioxide 4.Crushing an aluminum can 5.Vinegar and baking soda combining to create salt and water Physical Change Chemical Change Physical Change