Prosthetics A Short Look at the History and Applications of Prosthetics

 How and why I made my product  What are prosthetics/prostheses?  Origin of the word “prosthesis”  Mythological references  Oldest Prosthesis Known  The “Father” of Prosthetics  Different types of prosthetics  Conclusion  What I think of future prosthetics  Questions Topics Covered

 Microsoft’s PowerPoint software  The internet How I made My Product

 I am not very creative  Gain general knowledge  Personal goal to become a physical therapist  Might work with amputees one day Why I Made It

 Prosthetics: noun. artificial body parts, such as a leg, a tooth, a heart, or a breast implant  Prosthetic. adj. of or relating to prosthetics  Prostheses: noun. any artificial body part What Are Prosthetics/Prostheses?

 Origin of the word prosthesis:  mid 16th century: from Greek word “prostithenai”  Pros- meaning 'in addition'  -tithenai meaning 'to place' Origin of the Word “Prosthesis”

Mythological References to Prosthetics Pelops Tezcatlitoca

Oldest Prosthesis Known “Greville Chester Artificial Toe” Artificial Big Right Toe Science 2.0. Web. 1 Nov 2013.

 Discovered in Ancient Egypt  British explorers found in the necropolis of Thebe  Dates back to 600 BCE  Material used  Wood  Leather  Plaster Oldest Prosthesis Known

 Dr. Jacky Finch confirmed functionality  Research at University of Manchester  Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics  Considered a “leg” prosthetic  Housed in British Museum Oldest Prosthesis Known

 Lived  Introduced prosthetics to the Medical field The “Father” of Prosthetics Ambroise Paré

 Did not seal wounds  Infection  Credited for use of ligatures to tie off blood vessels  Still used in modern amputation procedures The “Father” of Prosthetics Ambroise Paré

 Joint  Act as cartilage  Hip, knee, and shoulder most common Different Types of Prosthetics A.D.A.M. Prosthetic knee joint Health Central. Web. 5 Nov 2013.

 Arm  Transradial  Attach below the elbow  Transhumeral  Attach to the upper arm  Restores basic function watch?feature=player_ embedded&v=gudJkhlxUbw Different Types of Prosthetics Prosthetic right arm New York Daily News. Web. 5 Nov 2013.

 Leg  Transtibial  Attaches below the knee  Transfemoral  Attach above the knee  Re-enables amputees to  Stand  Walk  Run Different Types of Prosthetics Oscar “Blade Runner” Pistorius Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games. Web

 Cosmetic  No effect on a patient’s functionality  But “increases” appearance Different Types of Prosthetics

 Cosmetic  No effect on a patient’s functionality  But “increases” appearance Different Types of Prosthetics Artificial Eyes Citizen Arcane. Web. 5 Nov 2013.

 Cosmetic  No effect on a patient’s functionality  But “increases” appearance Different Types of Prosthetics Artificial Eyes Citizen Arcane. Web. 5 Nov Pamela Anderson Medic Beauty. Web. 6 Nov 2013.

 Prosthetics make patients’ lives better  Functionally  Restore basic functions in limbs –  Some advanced function (running)  Not quite as functional as real thing - yet  Visually  Helps increase self-esteem Overall

 Prosthetics will become more effective than the real thing  Will be preferred  Not susceptible to muscle fatigue, Soreness, pain, etc…  Prosthetics will be easily replaceable  Need to overcome phantom pain First  No cure What I Think of Future Prosthetics A shot from the movie I Robot Won Jun’s blog. Web. 6 Nov 2013.

 Any stories/experiences Questions/Comments?

 Bailey, Aubrey. “What Are the Different Types of Prosthetics?” Chron Web. 4 Nov  Finch, Jacky. “Biochemical Assessment of Two Artificial Big Toe Restorations From Ancient Egypt and Their Significance to the History of Prosthetics”. Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics (2012): Web. 1 Nov  “Prosthesis”. oxforddictionaries.com rosthesis. Web. 2 Nov  Welcome Library, London. Sciencemuseum.org are.aspx Web. 1 Nov are.aspx Works Cited