 The Israelites trace their origins.  God spoke to Abraham, telling him to leave and go settle his family in Canaan the area that later became Israel.  Like most early people, the Mesopotamia worshipped many gods.  They all prayed to different gods for different things.

 The lydians lived in an area northwest of Phoenicia.  The ancient land of lydia was located on the western part of peninsula.  Today the country of turkey occupies the peninsula Lydia was a land rich in natural recourses.  The Lydians carved the side of their coins so no one could shave the money and sell it.

 Phoenicians lived on a narrow strip of land that is now the coastal areas of Lebanon Mountains.  Phoenicia consists to separate city states.  The Phoenicians trade goods and exchange knowledge.  Phoenicians city-states enjoy their greatest power and prosperity.

 Each satrap provided the Persians emperor with tribute.  Most often the tributes took the form of soldiers.  Xerxes continued to expand the Persian empire.  After Xerxes died, the Persians Empire began to decline.

 Darius was the organizer.  Cyrus was the Empire Builder  Isaac was the son of Abraham  Cyrus was the one who was responsible for the building in the Persian empire.

 The Jewish frame of reference of the Jewish tradition.  The Christian frame of reference of the Christian tradition the Hebrew bible is referred to as the old testament.  In the frame of reference of the Islamic tradition it is the Qur'an that contains the most scared writing.  To the Christians both the old testament and the new testament are holy books.