T h e A m e r i c a n U n i v e r s i t y o f R o m e HST 201 - Survey of Western Civilization I Session 8 Roman Empire and the Strategies of an Imperial.

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T h e A m e r i c a n U n i v e r s i t y o f R o m e HST Survey of Western Civilization I Session 8 Roman Empire and the Strategies of an Imperial Power

> What was the Neolithic Agricultural Revolution and what role did it play in the development of early societies? > As the societal organization transitioned from tribe to state, how did the economy and modes of production change? > Archaic Athens saw a rather drastic (and very important) transition between different forms of government. Discuss the transformation in Athens from a monarchy, to the Athenian aristocracy, then to tyranny, and finally to the beginning of Athenian democracy. Discuss also the main characteristics of each "stage". What finally led to the establishment of a more democratic government? > How does the depiction of the human body in Greek art reflect the social-political culture of the Greeks? > What Was the Hebrew Transition from Polytheism to Monotheism, and How Did it Impact Western Civilization?

> How did ancient civilizations like, the Sumerians in Mesopotamia benefit from agriculture? > What is the importance of art when trying examining these early societies? > Why does the state have to develop ways of control in a specifically hierarchical means? Is the notion of a democracy counter to the idea of the state? > How did the Persian empire change the face of international relations and to what extent did Zoroastrianism play a role in Persian diplomacy and administration of the empire? > Athens vs. Sparta… > How did Monotheism develop in the Iron Age Near East and why has it lasted for thousands of years? > Expansion of the Greek culture and development of the Hellenic world > During the Persian wars, what was the cause of the defeats of the Persian armies by smaller city states? Did this happen again?

> Discuss the Athenian plague of 430 B.C. What was the manner in which they spread? What were the consequences of the survivors? > The Phoenician Civilization of Palermo and its Evolution. What was the evolution of the Phoenician colony of Palermo? > What events caused a religion like Judaism to be a monotheistic cult rather that associated with a political structure? > What is importance of educational institutes in the development of a complex civilization.? > Athens vs. Sparta – Compare & Contrast the different Social Organizations > What was the main reason Xerxes invaded Greece? and How would you compare Xerxes´ invasion with nowadays politics and international relations? > The Persian Wars were a huge mark in time for Greece, defeating the much larger Persians. What causes the war and what events explain how the Greeks were able to defeat the much larger Persians?

The Emperor… the Augustus (the Imperator)… the Caesar… the concept of protector (caretaker) of the Republic… the Principate in the early Empire. Principate 27 BC – 180 AD Julio-Claudian 27 BC-69 AD Military70 > (except Antoninus) Golden Age AD Crisis 180 – 284 AD Succession? Management? Autocracy? Slavery? Decline and Constantine

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Q of chapter 5 on the Evolution of the Roman Society > How did the Etruscans and Greeks influence early Roman society? > How democratic was the early Roman society? > What were the consequences of the Roman territorial expansion during the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC? > What issues caused the social struggles of the late Republic? > Why did the "Augustan system" succeed? > What impact did Rome's expanding empire have on Roman society and culture? > Why did so many critics of Roman life during the Principate focus their criticism on the behavior of women? > What factors brought the Roman empire to the brink of ruin? > Did Rome fall? Why or why not?