Discrimination Ch 12

TODAY DISCRIMINATION TRAINING STIMULUS CONTROL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT AND DISCRIMINATION TRAINING PROCEDURES

Reinforcement Before After Behavior

Differential Reinforcement of 2 Response Classes Before John has no praise Behavior John hits ball with no skill Behavior John hits ball with some skill After John receives no praise After John receive praise Reinforcement Extinction

OPEN

NO OPEN SIGN

OPEN What happens when the open sign is present?

Reinforcement Before No open door After Door opens Behavior Push on door OPEN

Reinforcement Before No open door After No open door Behavior Push on door What if the store is closed? OPEN

Reinforcement-Based Discrimination Before NO OPEN SIGN OPEN SIGN After Behavior SS SDSD

Reinforcement-Based Discrimination Before No open door NO OPEN SIGN After No open door After Open door Behavior Push on door SS SDSD OPEN SIGN

Reinforcement-Based Discrimination Before No open door “CLOSED” SIGN After No open door After Open door Behavior Push on door SS SDSD OPEN SIGN

Discriminative Stimulus (S D ) A stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced Examples– Brelandless target, “open” sign, smile on a face OPEN SIGN

OPEN SDSD

S-delta (S  ) A stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will not be reinforced

“Closed” sign SS

Reinforcement-Based Discrimination Before Chicken has no food S  Breland S D Brelandlesss target After Chicken has no food After Chicken has food Behavior Chicken pulls the trigger

Reinforcement-Based Discrimination Before Student has n tokens S  NOT written word “shoe” S D Written word “shoe” After Student has n tokens After Student has n + 1 tokens Behavior Student says “shoe”

Reinforcement-Based Discrimination Before Child has no cookie S  No S D After Child has no cookie After Child has cookie Behavior Child asks for cookie

Reinforcement-Based Discrimination Before Student has no answer After Student has no answer After Student has answer Behavior Student asks questions SDSD SS

Discrimination Training Procedure Reinforcing a response in the presence of one stimulus and extinguishing it in the presence of another stimulus. SDSD

Discrimination Training Procedure Reinforcing a response in the presence of one stimulus and extinguishing it in the presence of another stimulus. SS

Discrimination Training Procedure Reinforcing a response in the presence of one stimulus and extinguishing it in the presence of another stimulus. SDSD

Discrimination Training Procedure Reinforcing a response in the presence of one stimulus and extinguishing it in the presence of another stimulus. SS

Discrimination Training Procedure Reinforcing a response in the presence of one stimulus and extinguishing it in the presence of another stimulus. SDSD

Stimulus discrimination (stimulus control) The occurrence of a response more frequently in the presence of one stimulus than in the presence of another, usually as a result of a discrimination training procedure SDSD

Discrimination training vs. Response Differentiation (differential reinforcement procedure) How are these different EXAMPLE: lever pressing by a water deprived mouse

Differential Reinforcement vs. Stimulus Discrimination One StimulusTwo Stimuli One Response Class No differentiation or discrimination Stimulus discrimination Two Response Classes Response differentiation Combined differentiation & discrimination

No differential reinforcement and no stimulus discrimination Does not matter if light is off or if force is weak, give water reinforcer for every lever press

Reinforcement Before Rudolph has no water After Rudolph has water Behavior Rudolph presses lever

Differential Reinforcement vs. Stimulus Discrimination One StimulusTwo Stimuli One Response Class No differentiation or discrimination Stimulus discrimination Two Response Classes Response differentiation Combined differentiation & discrimination

Differential Reinforcement What matters? Only the force Light off does not matter If presses with 20g of force, the water reinforcer is delivered

Differential Reinforcement of 2 Response Classes Before Rudolph has no water Behavior Rudolph uses < 20g of force Behavior Rudolph used 20 grams of force After Rudolph has no water After Rudolph has water Reinforcement Extinction

Differential Reinforcement vs. Stimulus Discrimination One StimulusTwo Stimuli One Response Class No differentiation or discrimination Stimulus discrimination Two Response Classes Response differentiation Combined differentiation & discrimination

Discrimination What matters? Only if light is on, even if force is weak, if presses lever, the water reinforcer is delivered

Reinforcement-Based Discrimination Before Rudolph has no water SS SDSD After Rudolph has no water After Rudolph has water Behavior Rudolph presses lever

Discriminated Reinforcement Before SS SDSD After Behavior M270 presses the lever

Discriminated Reinforcement Before No food S  Light off S D Light on After No food After Food Behavior M270 presses the lever

Discriminated Reinforcement Before No food S  Light off S D Light on After No food After Food Behavior M270 presses the lever Establishing Operation: Food deprivation

Discriminated Reinforcement Before No cookie S  Mom frowning S D Mom smiling After No cookie After Cookie Behavior Joe asks for cookie

Discrimination and Verbal Behavior A discrimination training procedure can be used to establish correct verbal responses Correct color naming

Verbal Behavior Tacts – naming or labeling

Tact Contingency Before Child has no snack S  Green car S D Red car After Behavior Child says, “this is a red car”

Verbal Behavior Mand – a request that is reinforced by receiving what has been requested

Incidental teaching A teacher requires that a student emit the proper form of a request before reinforcing that request, in the student’s regular environment.

Mand Contingency Before Child has no red car S  Green car S D Red car After Behavior Child asks, “May I have the red car?”

Prompt A supplemental stimulus that raises the probability of a correct response. Types of prompts Verbal instructions Modeling Physical guidance

Undiscriminated reinforcement contingency VS. Discriminated reinforcement contingency

Undiscriminated reinforcement contingency There is no sdee associated with the reinforcement contingency

Discriminated reinforcement contingency The reinforcement contingency is in operation only when the sdee is present, not when the sdelta is present. If a response is never reinforced, that is plain old extinction.

TESTS, pg 225 Criteria for diagramming discriminated contingencies Sdelta contingency test Same before condition test Response test Extinction/recovery test Operandum test Different before condition test